Chapter 9: Norms and Conformity

Question 1

descriptive social norms

Answer 1

Agreed-upon mental representations of what a group of people think, feel, or do

Question 2

injunctive social norms

Answer 2

Agreed upon mental representations of what people in a group should think, feel or do

Question 3

conformity

Answer 3

The convergence of individuals’ thoughts, feelings, or behavior toward a social norm

Question 4

private conformity

Answer 4

Private acceptance of social norms

Question 5

public conformity

Answer 5

Overt behavior consistent with social norms that are not privately accepted.

Question 6

false consensus effect

Answer 6

The tendency to overestimate others’ agreement with one’s own opinions, characteristics, and behaviors

Question 7

informational influence

Answer 7

The process by which a group norms are privately accepted to achieve or maintain mastery of reality

Question 8

normative influence

Answer 8

The process by which group norms are privately accepted to achieve or maintain connectedness and a valued social identity

Question 9

reference groups

Answer 9

Those people accepted as an appropriate source of information for a judgement because they share the attributes relevant for making that judgement

Question 10

group polarization

Answer 10

The process by which a group’s initial average position becomes more extreme following group interaction.

Question 11

pluralistic ignorance

Answer 11

Occurs when everyone public confirms to an apparent norm that no one in fact privately accepts

Question 12

groupthink

Answer 12

Group decision making that is impaired by the drive to reach consensus regardless of how the consensus is formed