chapter 9: muscles of the body

Question 1

frontalis

Answer 1

raise eyebrows; surprised look; wrinkles forehead. origin on cranial aponeurosis; inserts on skin above eyebrows

Question 2

orbicularis oculi

Answer 2

circular muscle around the eye; closes eyes, winking, blinking, squinting.

Question 3

lavator palpebrae superioris

Answer 3

origin on bony orbit of eye; inserts on upper eyelid. elevates eyelids(opens eye)

Question 4

orbicularis oris

Answer 4

encircles mouth; closes, purses lips; kissing muscle

Question 5

buccinator

Answer 5

horizontal cheek muscle; origin on maxilla and mandible; inserts on orbicularis oris. flattens cheek; trumpet’s muscle; whistling muscle; helps with chewing by positioning food between teeth

Question 6

zygomaticus

Answer 6

origin on cheekbone; inserts on corner of mouth; let’s you smile!

Question 7

platysma

Answer 7

origin in fascia of shoulder and anterior chest; inserts on mandible, angle of lower mouth , soft tissue of lower face. pouting muscle!!

Question 8

temporalis

Answer 8

flat fan-shaped muscle over temporal bone(origin); inserts on mandible. closes jaw ; retracts jaw

Question 9

masseter

Answer 9

covers lateral part of lower jaw; origin on maxilla, zygomatic arch; inserts on mandible. closes jaw; retracts jaw

Question 10

sternocleiodmastoid

Answer 10

extends along each side of neck, strong narrow muscle that extend obliquely from sternum and clavicle (origin) to mastoid process of temporal bone (insertion). Contraction of both muscles flexes head; contraction of one rotates head toward opposite side.

Question 11

trapezius

Answer 11

origin on occipital bone and C7 and all thoracic vertebrae; inserts on clavicle and scapula. hyperextends head so as to look at sky; lateral flexion of head

Question 12

scalenes (3)

Answer 12

origin on cervical vertebrae (C1-C7) ; insert on ribs 1 and 2. Acts with sternocleidomastoid to flex neck

Question 13

intercostals

Answer 13

located between ribs both origin and insertion; breathing enlarges and decreases

Question 14

diaphragm

Answer 14

dome-shaped muscle; that separates thoracic and abdominal cavities. breathing; is the CHEIF muscle of inhalation.

Question 15

erector spinae

Answer 15

extends length of vertebral column from cranium to sacrum. extends laterally and helps maintain an erect posture.

Question 16

sternocleidomastoid

Answer 16

flexes and rotates cervical vertebral column

Question 17

abdominal muscles

Answer 17

flexes and rotates vertebral column

Question 18

liiopsoas

Answer 18

origin on ilium and lumbar vertebrae; inserts on femur. flexes vertebral column

Question 19

trapezius

Answer 19

causes shrugging and medial rotation of shoulders

Question 20

serratus anterior

Answer 20

forms upper side of chest wall; lowers shoulder and moves it forward as in pushing a cart

Question 21

pectoralis major

Answer 21

covers upper anterior chest; origin on clavicle, sternum, and cartilages of upper ribs; inserts on anterior humerus. adducts and medially rotates arm across chest; flexes and extends arm at shoulder

Question 22

latissimus dorsi

Answer 22

adducts and rotates arm medially, behind the back.”swimmer’s muscle”

Question 23

deltoid

Answer 23

cover shoulder joint. abducts arm as in “scarecrow” position, flexes, extends and rotates arm at shoulder

Question 24

rotator cuff muscles

Answer 24

adduct, extend, and rotate arm at shoulder ; the “cuff” stabilizes shoulder joint

Question 25

teres major

Answer 25

extends and adducts arm at shoulder; the “cuff” stabilizes shoulder joint.

Question 26

inversion

Answer 26

moving foot into body

Question 27

eversion

Answer 27

moving foot out from the body

Question 28

flexion

Answer 28

knee bent towards body

Question 29

extension

Answer 29

leg straight up, not bent

Question 30

adduction

Answer 30

going towards the midline of body

Question 31

abduction

Answer 31

going away from the body

Question 32

dorsiflexion

Answer 32

toes up; flexing of shin bone

Question 33

plantar flexion

Answer 33

ballaerina point on toes

Question 34

extension

Answer 34

up

Question 35

flexion

Answer 35

down

Question 36

triceps brachii

Answer 36

extends forearm at elbow, extends arm at shoulder; “boxer’s muscle”

Question 37

sartorius

Answer 37

long muscle that crosses obliquely over anterior thigh, allows you to sit in crossed leg positon.

Question 38

gastronemius

Answer 38

posterior surface of leg; large two-headed muscle that forms calf

Question 39

soleus

Answer 39

plantar flexion of foot