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Powerplant (Class) 2 > Chapter 9 - Lubrication Oils > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Lubrication Oils Flashcards

1
Q

Define Viscosity

A

The measure of oil’s resistance to flow.

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2
Q

Define specific gravity

A

The comparison of oil’s weight to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water at a specified temperature.

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3
Q

What determines the color of gas?

A

It is determined by the amount of light that passes through an oil sample in a glass container when placed in front of a light of known intensity.

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4
Q

What is used to measure viscosity?

A

Saybolt Viscosimeter

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5
Q

What is the viscosity index?

A

A standard used to identify the rate of change in viscosity for a given change in temperature.

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6
Q

Which oil is better for breaking in?

A

Straight mineral oil.

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7
Q

What is a disadvantage using straight mineral oil in recipricating engines?

A

When exposed to elevated temperatures, straight mineral oil has a tendency to oxidize.

If it becomes overly contanimated , sludge can form that can clog filters and passages and score engine components

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8
Q

What two techniques is used to reduce oil congealing?

A

Use a heater blanket

Place aircraft in hanger

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9
Q

What is flashpoint?

A

The temperature at which oil begins to emit ignitable vapors

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10
Q

What is pour point?

A

the lowest temperature at which oil flow can be poured.

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11
Q

Name two classifications of the lubrication system.

A

Wet Sump - The sump is housed within the engine

Dry Sump - A reservoir is attached to the side of the engine

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12
Q

What is turbine’s synthetic lubricant base?

A

Diester base

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13
Q

What sub system is the scavage a part of?

A

The return system

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14
Q

Name the three methods of lubrication.

A

Pressure

Splash

Spray

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15
Q

What is SOAP?

A

Spectrometric oil analysis program

A laboratory that analysis foreign particles in engine oil

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16
Q

What must SOAP need for trending?

A

It needs to be ongoing and continuous

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17
Q

Name the four sub systems.

A

Supply system - runs from the reservoir to the engine driven pump

Pressure sub system -engine driven pump to bearings, gearboxes, and oil galleries

Return System (Scavage system) -

  • Dry sump system uses a pump to return oil to the bearings, geabox (Chip detector location) and to the reservoir
  • Wet sump system uses gravity

Breather/Vent system

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18
Q

What is coking?

A

The tendency of mineral-based oils to leave behind carbon deposits when exposed to extremely high temperatures.

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19
Q

NAme two types of seals

A

Lybryrinth - uses bleed air

Carbon

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20
Q

What type of bearings are used on recipricating and turbine engines?

A

Plane - recips

Steel ball bearings - turbine engines

21
Q

Name three main requirements for selecting oil.

A

Operating temperatures

Operating loads

rotational speeds of bearings

22
Q

Fill in the blank

SAE No. Commercial aviation NO. AN Specification

SAE 30 Grade_______ AN ____________

SAE 40 Grade_______ AN____________

SAE 50 Grade_______ AN_____________

SAE 60 Grade_______ AN____________

SAE 70 Grade________ AN____________

A

Fill in the blank

SAE No. Commercial aviation NO. AN Specification

SAE 30 Grade65 AN1065

SAE 40 Grade 80 AN1080

SAE 50 Grade 100 AN 1100

SAE 60 Grade 120 AN1120

SAE 70 Grade 140 N/A

23
Q

What would the “W” mean for SAE 10W30?

A

Winter usage

24
Q

What is centistokes?

A

Instead of an SAE rating, synthetic oils are given a Kinematic Viscosity Rating in centistokes (cSt)

25
Which ATA chapter has information regarding oil servicing and handling?
Chapter 12
26
What are the three grades of oils?
SAE Army Navy Aviation Grade
27
Name a function of ashless-dispersant oil
It produces low content of ash, and it helps keep particles seperated so no clumps form
28
NAme the thre types of oil bases
**Mineral or patroleum** **Animal or vegetable** - cannot withstand high temperatures **Synthetic** - combination of both
29
How do you know engine break-in as occured?
Oil levels begin to settle
30
Name a five contaniments that the oil can pick up
Metal Dirt Fuel water rust carbon rubber
31
What temperature should a turbine engine be when being checked for oil?
Cold
32
NAme the weight of the items Fuel Avgas, jet fuel, water, oil
Fuel avgas - 6lbs/gal Jet fuel - 6.5 ibs/gal water - 8lbs/gal Oil - 7lbs/gal
33
What is the difference between oil dilution system and acceleration system?
Oil dilution system - Oil is mixed fuel to reduse the oil's viscosity. Acceleration System (Hopper) - speeds up heating They are both part of the dry lubrication system
34
What is a standpipe?
Use to provide oil to feather propeller, feeds engine driven oil
35
What is a scupper?
It is used to catch spilled oil from the filler opening
36
What is used to increase or decrease pressure needed to open the relief valve?
Shimms
37
What are the components of a filter adapter?
**Thermostatic control valve** - it wants oil to circulate faster to reach oil temp. Valve closes, forces oil to cooler, then back ## Footnote **Temperature bulb**
38
What are the filtration system classifications?
Full flow (common) - in series with bearings Bypass flow - parallel with bearings
39
Name the different types of filters.
Semi Depth (most common) - pleated and covers the most surface area DISPOSABLE Depth - prone to improper filtration Surface - REUSABLE Edge - "spacer & screen" - REUSABLE
40
Name three things that aid in engine cooling.
Exhaust Air cooled Oil
41
Spikes in oil temperatures can be caused by what?
Baffle and seal improper maintenance Improper number of radiating fins
42
Oil pressure guage uses what type of measuring devise? Where does the pressure come from?
Uses a burdon tube Pressure comes from the engine
43
When is it best to drain the engine oil and why?
When the engine is warm because the viscosity will be lower and flow out better
44
What should be written on the filter when it is being installed?
Hobbs time date engine number
45
Name five functions of the oil
Reduce metal friction Absorbs heat cleans seals cushion
46
Name the two steps to roughing cylinder walls.
Honging cylinders Chrome plated
47
What is the function of a compensated oil pressure relief valve?
maintain a higher system pressure when the oil is cold, then after the oil warms, the valve automatically lowers pressure to the normal operating range
48

Powerplant (Class) 2 (7 decks)

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