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Powerplant (Class) 2 > Chapter 9 - Lubrication Oils > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Lubrication Oils Flashcards

1
Q

Define Viscosity

A

The measure of oil’s resistance to flow.

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2
Q

Define specific gravity

A

The comparison of oil’s weight to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water at a specified temperature.

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3
Q

What determines the color of gas?

A

It is determined by the amount of light that passes through an oil sample in a glass container when placed in front of a light of known intensity.

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4
Q

What is used to measure viscosity?

A

Saybolt Viscosimeter

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5
Q

What is the viscosity index?

A

A standard used to identify the rate of change in viscosity for a given change in temperature.

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6
Q

Which oil is better for breaking in?

A

Straight mineral oil.

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7
Q

What is a disadvantage using straight mineral oil in recipricating engines?

A

When exposed to elevated temperatures, straight mineral oil has a tendency to oxidize.

If it becomes overly contanimated , sludge can form that can clog filters and passages and score engine components

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8
Q

What two techniques is used to reduce oil congealing?

A

Use a heater blanket

Place aircraft in hanger

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9
Q

What is flashpoint?

A

The temperature at which oil begins to emit ignitable vapors

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10
Q

What is pour point?

A

the lowest temperature at which oil flow can be poured.

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11
Q

Name two classifications of the lubrication system.

A

Wet Sump - The sump is housed within the engine

Dry Sump - A reservoir is attached to the side of the engine

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12
Q

What is turbine’s synthetic lubricant base?

A

Diester base

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13
Q

What sub system is the scavage a part of?

A

The return system

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14
Q

Name the three methods of lubrication.

A

Pressure

Splash

Spray

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15
Q

What is SOAP?

A

Spectrometric oil analysis program

A laboratory that analysis foreign particles in engine oil

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16
Q

What must SOAP need for trending?

A

It needs to be ongoing and continuous

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17
Q

Name the four sub systems.

A

Supply system - runs from the reservoir to the engine driven pump

Pressure sub system -engine driven pump to bearings, gearboxes, and oil galleries

Return System (Scavage system) -

  • Dry sump system uses a pump to return oil to the bearings, geabox (Chip detector location) and to the reservoir
  • Wet sump system uses gravity

Breather/Vent system

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18
Q

What is coking?

A

The tendency of mineral-based oils to leave behind carbon deposits when exposed to extremely high temperatures.

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19
Q

NAme two types of seals

A

Lybryrinth - uses bleed air

Carbon

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20
Q

What type of bearings are used on recipricating and turbine engines?

A

Plane - recips

Steel ball bearings - turbine engines

21
Q

Name three main requirements for selecting oil.

A

Operating temperatures

Operating loads

rotational speeds of bearings

22
Q

Fill in the blank

SAE No. Commercial aviation NO. AN Specification

SAE 30 Grade_______ AN ____________

SAE 40 Grade_______ AN____________

SAE 50 Grade_______ AN_____________

SAE 60 Grade_______ AN____________

SAE 70 Grade________ AN____________

A

Fill in the blank

SAE No. Commercial aviation NO. AN Specification

SAE 30 Grade65 AN1065

SAE 40 Grade 80 AN1080

SAE 50 Grade 100 AN 1100

SAE 60 Grade 120 AN1120

SAE 70 Grade 140 N/A

23
Q

What would the “W” mean for SAE 10W30?

A

Winter usage

24
Q

What is centistokes?

A

Instead of an SAE rating, synthetic oils are given a Kinematic Viscosity Rating in centistokes (cSt)

25
Q

Which ATA chapter has information regarding oil servicing and handling?

A

Chapter 12

26
Q

What are the three grades of oils?

A

SAE

Army Navy

Aviation Grade

27
Q

Name a function of ashless-dispersant oil

A

It produces low content of ash, and it helps keep particles seperated so no clumps form

28
Q

NAme the thre types of oil bases

A

Mineral or patroleum

Animal or vegetable - cannot withstand high temperatures

Synthetic - combination of both

29
Q

How do you know engine break-in as occured?

A

Oil levels begin to settle

30
Q

Name a five contaniments that the oil can pick up

A

Metal

Dirt

Fuel

water

rust

carbon

rubber

31
Q

What temperature should a turbine engine be when being checked for oil?

A

Cold

32
Q

NAme the weight of the items

Fuel Avgas, jet fuel, water, oil

A

Fuel avgas - 6lbs/gal

Jet fuel - 6.5 ibs/gal

water - 8lbs/gal

Oil - 7lbs/gal

33
Q

What is the difference between oil dilution system and acceleration system?

A

Oil dilution system - Oil is mixed fuel to reduse the oil’s viscosity.

Acceleration System (Hopper) - speeds up heating

They are both part of the dry lubrication system

34
Q

What is a standpipe?

A

Use to provide oil to feather propeller, feeds engine driven oil

35
Q

What is a scupper?

A

It is used to catch spilled oil from the filler opening

36
Q

What is used to increase or decrease pressure needed to open the relief valve?

A

Shimms

37
Q

What are the components of a filter adapter?

A

Thermostatic control valve - it wants oil to circulate faster to reach oil temp. Valve closes, forces oil to cooler, then back

Temperature bulb

38
Q

What are the filtration system classifications?

A

Full flow (common) - in series with bearings

Bypass flow - parallel with bearings

39
Q

Name the different types of filters.

A

Semi Depth (most common) - pleated and covers the most surface area DISPOSABLE

Depth - prone to improper filtration

Surface - REUSABLE

Edge - “spacer & screen” - REUSABLE

40
Q

Name three things that aid in engine cooling.

A

Exhaust

Air cooled

Oil

41
Q

Spikes in oil temperatures can be caused by what?

A

Baffle and seal improper maintenance

Improper number of radiating fins

42
Q

Oil pressure guage uses what type of measuring devise? Where does the pressure come from?

A

Uses a burdon tube

Pressure comes from the engine

43
Q

When is it best to drain the engine oil and why?

A

When the engine is warm because the viscosity will be lower and flow out better

44
Q

What should be written on the filter when it is being installed?

A

Hobbs time

date

engine number

45
Q

Name five functions of the oil

A

Reduce metal friction

Absorbs heat

cleans

seals

cushion

46
Q

Name the two steps to roughing cylinder walls.

A

Honging cylinders

Chrome plated

47
Q

What is the function of a compensated oil pressure relief valve?

A

maintain a higher system pressure when the oil is cold, then after the oil warms, the valve automatically lowers pressure to the normal operating range

48
Q
A

Powerplant (Class) 2 (7 decks)

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