Chapter 5- Induction Systems Flashcards
The typical induction system on a normally aspirated engine consists of four major components. What are they?
- Air Intake
- Induction air filter
- Fuel metering system
- Induction manifold
Name three types of filters used to clean incoming air.
- Paper Type
- Flock Type
- Polyurethane Foam
What are the three types of inducton system icing?
Fuel Evaporation Ice
Throttle Ice
Impact Ice
What is Fuel Evaporation Ice?
What are the optimum weather conditions for carburetor ice to exist?
Also known as Carburetor Ice
In a carburetor, as fuel is released into the airstream, it turns into a vapor and absorbs heat from the surrounding air. This can cause a drop in air temperature and in some cases, this loss of heat is enough to cause the moisture in the air to condense and freeze.
Optimum weather conditions for carburetor ice to exist when the outside air temperature is between 30 and 40 degrees F and the relative humidity is above 60%
What is Throttle Ice?
Throttle ice forms on the downstream side of a throttle, or butterfly valve, when it is ina partially closed position. Air flowing across and around the throttle valve creates an area of low pressure on the down-stream side. This has a cooling effect on the fuel/air mixtur, which can cause moisture to accumulate and freeze on the downstream side of the butterfly valve.
What is Impact Ice?
Impact ice is caused by visible moisture striking an aircraft and then freezing. The air intake and air filter are the areas most susceptible to impact icing.
What is the first indication of icing within the induction system is what?
Decrease in engine power
What are the disadvantages of Carb Ice?
- Excessive use increases the chance of dirt and foreign material entering the engine
- If placed in “hot” position on engine start-up, damage to a carburetor heat air box could result if the engine backfires
- Fuel/air mixture becomes richer and causes a noticible loss in power
- High intake air temperatures from carb heat can lead to detonation during high power settings
What position should the carb heat be left in when starting the engine?
Cold position
What are the sources for carb heat?
- Air inside a heater muff surrounding a hot exhaust pipe become heated then directed to a carburetor air box
- An carburetor air box alternate air supply that can draw air from the main intake or from inside the cowling
- Fuel-injected engines use an alternate air door that lets warm unfiltered air flow into the induction system
An engine-driven air pump that increases manifold pressure is called what?
Supercharger
A type of supercharger that has a single gear-driven impeller that increases the power produced by an engine at all altitudes is called what?
Single stage, single-speed supercharger
A single impeller that can be operated at two speeds is called what?
What are the names of the two speeds?
Single stage, two-speed supercharger
- Low Speeds - also known as a low blower setting has a impeller gear ratio of 8:1
- High Speeds - alos known as a high blower setting has a impeler gear ratio of 11:1
What powers a turbocharger?
Exhaust gases
The maximum altitude that a turbocharged engine is able to produce its rated horsepower under standard atmospheric conditions is called what?
Critical altitude