Chapter 9: International organisations that promote health and wellbeing Flashcards
What are the 3 objectives of the SDGs?
- end extreme poverty
- fight inequality and injustice
- address climate change
Why are the objectives important?
- ‘end extreme poverty’ is integral to ensuring people can afford resources, such as healthcare, to improve their health and wellbeing, as well as improve levels of human development.
- ‘fight inequalities and injustice’ based on age, income, gender, sexual orientation, race, class, ethnicity, religion, and disability can damage people’s sense of self-worth and confidence, but also stand as a roadblock to ending poverty as well as social and economic development.
- ‘address climate change’ such as changing weather patterns, the rise of sea levels and natural disasters such as wildfires are becoming more extreme, affecting everyone globally which can threaten the future of both humans and our planet.
What are the 3 rationales of the SDGs?
- Continue the work of the MDGs
- Tackle newly emerged global challenges
- Address the uneven progress from the MDGs
Why are the rationales important?
- (MDGs) a new set of goals and targets were required to continue progress on solving global issues as millions of people are still living in extreme poverty.
- new global challenges had emerged, such as climate change, the growing gap between the rich and the poor, the increasing rate of conflict and terrorism.
- the uneven progress across countries meant there were still millions of people experiencing hardship in our world.
What is SDG1?
No poverty
What are the key features of SDG1?
- Eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere
- Implement child protection systems for all
- Halve the number of people living in poverty
- Ensure all people have equal access to economic resources
- Build the resilience of those in vulnerable situations
How does SDG1 promote HWB and human development?
- With increased incomes, people will be able to afford adequate shelter, redcuing the risk of communicable diseases such as malaria and improving the functioning of the body’s systems improving physical HWB.
- With increased incomes, poeple are able to afford access to basic resources such as food, shelter and water, allowing them to experience a decent standard of living.
What is SDG2?
Zero hunger
What are the key features of SDG2?
- End hunger and ensure all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, such as infants, have access to safe, nutritious, and sufficient food all year round.
- End all forms of malnutrition.
- Double the agricultural productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers.
- Ensure sustainable food production systems.
- Maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, plants, and animals and ensure access for all.
How does SDG2 promote HWB and human development?
- Lower levels of malnutritions in both children and adults improves immune system functioning and therefore reduces the likelihood of diseases such as malaria and improving the functioning of the body’s systems promoting physical HWB.
- Well nourished children can attend school and concentrate effectively to their full potential. Through going to school, they will have an enhanced knowledge and increase their capabilities.
What is SDG3?
Good health and wellbeing
What are the key features of SDG3?
- Reduce global mortality rate.
- End preventable deaths of newborns and children under five, reducing neonetal mortality.
- End the epidemic of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and neglected tropical diseases, and ombat hepatitis, waterborne diseases, and other communicable iseases.
- Reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through revention and treatment, and promote mental health and wellbeing.
- Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including drugs and alcohol.
- Halve the global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents.
- Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive healthcare services.
- Achieve universal health coverage, including access to affordable essential medicines nd vaccines.
- Reduce deaths and illnesses from hazardous hemicals and air, water and soil pollution, nd contamination.
- Strengthen the implementation of the WHO ramework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries as appropriate.
- Support research and development of vaccines and medicines for communicable nd non-communicable diseases and provide access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines.
What is SDG4?
Quality education
What are the key features of SDG4?
- Ensure all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality education.
- Ensure all children have access to early quality childhood development.
- Ensure equal access for all to tertiary education.
- Increase the number of youth and adults who have relevant skills for employment.
- Eliminate all gender disparities in education.
- Ensure all youth and most adults achieve literacy and numeracy skills.
How does SDG4 promote HWB and human development?
- At school, students will develop health literacy and learn health-promoting behaviours,such as the importance of safe hygiene practices and ways to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS. This knowledge will help reduce the incidence of communicable diseases and improve physical health and wellbeing.
- Educated adults have increased employment opportunities and are more likely to earn an income, allowing them to afford basic resources such as food and healthcare, and also enabling them to afford a decent standard of living.
What is SDG5?
Gender equality
What are the key features of SDG5?
- End all forms of discrimination against women and girls everywhere.
- End all forms of violence against women and girls, including human trafficking and sexual exploitation.
- Eliminate harmful practices, such as child, early, and forced marriage and female genital mutilation.
- Recognise and value unpaid care and domestic work.
- Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights.
How does SDG5 promote HWB and human development?
- Elimination of harmful practices, such as genital mutilation and child marriage, greatly improves health and wellbeing. Through receiving an education and not being forced into child marriages, women will be able to form meaningful and satisfying relationships with others, improving social health and wellbeing.
- When women are respected members of their community, they are able to freely participate in their community and have an increased ability to make decisions about their lives, improving human development.
What is SDG6?
Clean water and sanitation
What are the key features of SDG6?
- Achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all.
- Achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations.
- Improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing the release of hazardous chemicals and materials.
- Support the participation of local communities in improving water and sanitation management.
How does SDG6 promote HWB and human development?
- Children who do not have to spend time collecting water can spend more time in school, maintaining meaningful relationships with others, building friendships, which promotes social health and wellbeing.
- With access to clean water and sanitation services, more adults will experience improved health and stronger immune systems, which will allow them to work more productively.
What is SDG13?
Climate action
What are the key features of SDG13?
- Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries.
- Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies, and planning.
- Improve education, awareness-raising, and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction, and early warning.
How does SDG13 promote HWB and human development?
- Tackling climate change will contribute to a reduction in the speed at which global temperatures are rising, which will reduce the impact of climate change on weather events such as wildfires, droughts, and floods. Reducing the severity of such natural
disasters will reduce associated injury and improve food security, therefore promoting physical health and wellbeing. - With a reduced risk of severe disasters and weather events, people living in low-lying coastal areas are able to continue to work and earn an income, worry-free, allowing them to afford a decent standard of living, improving human development.