Chapter 9 Intelligence Flashcards
What is Mental Age
the average age at which children can be expected to achieve a particular score. Alfred Binet (1904) developed the first intelligence test for the purpose of identifying intellectually disabled children.
What is intellectual disability
refers to significantly below average general intellectual functioning (IQ less than 70) with deficits in adaptive functioning that are first evident in childhood and appears in more than one realm. Individuals classed as gifted show exceptional talents in social, musical or athletics realms
What does the validity of IQ tests depend on
The purpose to which they are put, they should always be supplemented by other measures.
What is reliability
a measure’s ability to produce consistent results
What is intellegence
refers to the application of cognitive skills and knowledge to learn, solve problems and obtain ends that are valued by an individual or culture. It is multifaceted and functional and directed at problems of adaptation.
It is also to some extent culturally shaped and culturally defined.
What is the psychometric approach
It examines which intellectutural abilities tend to correlate statically with one another. This approach uses factor analysis to identify common factors that underlie performance across a variety of tasks.
What is the information processing or cognitive approach
It aims to describe and measure specific cognitive processes that underlie intelligent behaviour, including the following: speed of processing, knowledge base, and the ability to learn and apply mental strategies
What are Intelligence tests
Are psychometric instruments designed to assess an individuals cognitive capabilities compared to others in a population. The ancestors of modern IQ tests was invented by Binet.
Emotional Intelligence
the ability to read peoples emotions and use one’s own emotional responses adaptively; it corresponds to Gardner’s intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligences
What is the triarchic theory
Identifies three types of intelligence: analytic - measured by IQ tests,creative - finding novel solutions to problems, practical - finding novel solutions to problems
