Chapter 9 - How Do We Sense, Perceive, and See the World? Flashcards
The patient D. B., who became blind in the left half of his visual field after surgery:
A) regained his sight after a long recovery.
B) could tell you where a flashing light was located in his blind area.
C) was totally blind to the right half of the midline and never showed recovery.
D) filled in the scotoma left by the surgery at the cortical level.
B) could tell you where a flashing light was located in his blind area.
The part of the sensory world that stimulates a neuron is called the neuron’s: A) sweet spot. B) response region. C) receptive field. D) active region.
C) receptive field.
Optic flow tells us:
A) how fast we are going.
B) whether we are going in a straight line or up or down.
C) whether we are moving or the object is moving.
D) All of the answers are correct.
D) All of the answers are correct.
Auditory flow gives us information about:
A) the source of sounds in the environment.
B) the frequency of a sound.
C) the timbre of a sound.
D) changes in pitch.
A) the source of sounds in the environment.
Photoreceptors for black and white light are\_\_\_\_\_\_ than color photoreceptors. A) less sensitive B) more sensitive C) smaller D) fewer in number
B) more sensitive
A \_\_\_\_\_\_ is a neural-spatial representation of areas of the sensory world perceived by a sensory organ. A) sensory blueprint B) sensory layout C) receptor grid D) topographic map
D) topographic map
The light-sensitive surface in the back of the eye is called the: A) sclera. B) lens. C) iris. D) retina.
D) retina
The retina:
A) has receptors that face the incoming light.
B) receives an image that is upside down but not backward.
C) receives an image that is upside down and backward.
D) has receptors that face the incoming light and receives an image that is upside down but not
backward.
C) receives an image that is upside down and backward.
If we wear glasses that turn the image of the world upside down, the brain:
A) will immediately compensate and turn the world right side up again.
B) will turn the world so it is right side up again after only a few hours.
C) after several days will suddenly turn the world so it is right side up again.
D) cannot compensate, but while the world is upside down we very rapidly adapt our behavior.
C) after several days will suddenly turn the world so it is right side up again
Visible light is: A) 100 to 700 nanometers. B) 400 to 700 nanometers. C) 300 to 800 nanometers. D) 500 to 1000 nanometers.
B) 400 to 700 nanometers
Difficulty seeing things that are not close to you (i.e., nearsightedness) is: A) hyperopia B) myopia. C) presbyopia. D) maculitis.
B) myopia
The clinical term for farsightedness is: A) hyperopia. B) myopia. C) fovea. D) maculitis.
A) hyperopia
\_\_\_\_\_\_ is caused by weakening of the elasticity of the lens in people over 50 years of age. A) Hyperopia B) Myopia C) Presbyopia D) Macular degeneration
C) Presbyopia
The white part that forms the eyeball is called the: A) cornea. B) sclera. C) retina. D) choroid layer.
B) sclera
Which of the following is not true of rates of myopia in children?
A) Children spend more time doing schoolwork, which encourages the use of short-range vision
and strains the eye muscles.
B) Children who watch more than 2 hours of television a day have higher rates of myopia.
C) Children who live in sunnier climates have lower rates of myopia.
D) Spending too much time indoors increases rates of myopia.
B) Children who watch more than 2 hours of television a day have higher rates of myopia
Light is bent first by the \_\_\_\_\_\_ before entering the pupil. A) lens B) cornea C) sclera D) fovea
B) cornea
The colored part of the eye is called the: A) iris. B) lens. C) cornea. D) sclera
A) iris
People with myopia often have eyeballs that are \_\_\_\_\_\_, whereas people with hyperopia often have eyeballs that are \_\_\_\_\_. A) too short; too long B) too large; too small C) too long; too short D) too small; too large
C) too long; too short
Photoreceptors are mostly densely packed in: A) the fovea. B) peripheral vision. C) the retina. D) the optic disc.
A) the fovea
The portion of the eye that has the highest visual acuity is called the: A) retina. B) fovea. C) magnification zone. D) lens.
B) fovea
The blind spot in the retina is where the:
A) blood vessels enter and leave the eye.
B) axons of the retinal ganglion cells leave the eye.
C) axons of the bipolar cells leave the eye.
D) blood vessels enter and leave the eye and the axons of the retinal ganglion cells leave the eye
D) blood vessels enter and leave the eye and the axons of the retinal ganglion cells leave the eye
The optic disc is also known as the: A) fovea. B) yellow spot (macula lutea). C) blind spot. D) iris.
C) blind spot
Swelling of the optic disc is known clinically as: A) macular degeneration. B) presbyopia. C) retinopathy. D) papilloedema.
D) papilloedema.
Optic neuritis: A) swells the blind spot. B) causes loss of vision. C) is probably the most common neurologic visual disorder. D) All of the answers are correct.
D) All of the answers are correct.
Rods are to cones as: A) day is to night. B) black and white is to color. C) night is to day. D) night is to day and black and white is to color.
D) night is to day and black and white is to color
There is(are) \_\_\_\_\_\_ type(s) of cone cell. A) two B) three C) four D) one
B) three
Rods are found primarily in \_\_\_\_\_\_, whereas cones are found primarily in \_\_\_\_\_\_. A) the fovea; peripheral vision B) the retina; the optic disc C) the optic disc; the fovea D) peripheral vision; the fovea
D) peripheral vision; the fovea
A wavelength of 559 nanometers is our representation of: A) orange. B) green. C) yellow. D) blue.
A) orange
A wavelength of 419 nanometers is our representation of: A) red. B) green. C) yellow. D) blue.
D) blue
Rods have a peak sensitivity at: A) 250 nanometers. B) 419 nanometers. C) 559 nanometers. D) 496 nanometers.
D) 496 nanometers
Between ages 20 and 40 people’s ability to see in dim light decreases by approximately: A) 50 percent. B) 25 percent. C) 75 percent. D) 60 percent.
A) 50 percent
Which of the color-sensitive photoreceptors are fewest in number? A) yellow cones B) red cones C) blue cones D) green cones Diff: Medium
C) blue cones
Which of the following is the correct order of neuron layers in the retina from outermost to innermost?
A) bipolar cell layer, ganglion cell layer, photoreceptor layer
B) photoreceptor layer, ganglion cell layer, bipolar cell layer
C) ganglion cell layer, bipolar cell layer, photoreceptor layer
D) photoreceptor layer, bipolar cell layer, ganglion cell layer
C) ganglion cell layer, bipolar cell layer, photoreceptor layer
Which of the following is not a type of retinal neuron? A) bipolar cells B) horizontal cells C) amacrine cells D) perpendicular cells
D) perpendicular cells
Horizontal cells in the eye link the: A) bipolar cells to the retinal ganglion cells. B) receptors to the bipolar cells. C) bipolar cells to the amacrine cells. D) receptors to the amacrine cells.
B) receptors to the bipolar cells
Amacrine cells link:
A) bipolar cells with horizontal cells.
B) horizontal cells with photoreceptors.
C) photo receptors with retinal ganglion cells.
D) bipolar cells with retinal ganglion cells
D) bipolar cells with retinal ganglion cells
Parvocellular cells:
A) primarily receive their input from rods.
B) are sensitive to light but not color.
C) primarily receive their input from cones.
D) receive their input from rods and cones.
C) primarily receive their input from cones
Magnocellular cells: A) primarily receive inputs from rods. B) are insensitive to color. C) have low visual acuity. D) All of the answers are correct.
D) All of the answers are correct