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Psychology Unit 2 Exam > Chapter 9 - Errors in perceptions > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Errors in perceptions Flashcards

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1
Q

What are perceptual distortions

A

errors in perception

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2
Q

What can cause perceptual distortions

A

neurological disorders and genetic differences

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3
Q

List some types of visual illutions

A

Muller-lyer illusion
ames room illusion
Ponzo illusion

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4
Q

What aspect of vision is applied to the muller-lyer illusion

A

occurs because of the pictorial depth cue of linear perspective

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5
Q

What aspect of vision is applied to the ames room illusion

A

applies past experience

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6
Q

What aspect of vision is applied to the ponzo illusion

A

caused by a misapplication of pictorial depth of linear perspectiveWh

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7
Q

what is fallibitlity?

A

The quality of being prone to error or experiencing difficulties sin judgement

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8
Q

what is a visual illusion?

A

The perception of visual stimulus that conflicts with how it is in reality

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9
Q

What is agnosia?

A

a disorder involving the loss or impairment of the ability to recognise familiar stimulus through the use of one or more senses, despite the senses functioning normally otherwise

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10
Q

What are the different types of agnosia?

A
  • smell (olfactory agnosia)
  • sound (auditory agnosia)
  • touch (tactile agnosia)
  • taste (gustatory agnosia)
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11
Q

What are the categories of visual agnosia?

A

apperceptive visual agnosia
associative visual agnosia

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12
Q

What is apperceptive visual agnosia?

A

the inability to generate holistic perceptions of visual information

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13
Q

What is associative visual agnosia

A

the inability to identify or recognise a visual stimulus. The perception is intact, but the ability to interpret this meaningfully is compromised

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14
Q

What are the subtypes of visual agnosia

A

Prosopagnosia, Achromatopsia, Simultanagnosia, Topographagnosia,
Agnostic Alexia (pure Alexia)

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15
Q

What is prosopagnosia?

A

The inability to recognise familiar faces

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16
Q

What is Achromatopsia

A

the inability to distinguish between colours

17
Q

What is Simultanagnosia

A

The inability to recognise multiple objects in the same visual scene at the same time

18
Q

What is Topographagnosia

A

The inability to process spatial environments including familiar places

19
Q

what is Agnostic Alexia (pure Alexia)

A

The inability to recognise or interpret written words

20
Q

Why do we see illusions?

A

The physical nature of The visual stimulus
- The characteristics of The eyes
- The characteristics of our visual perceptual process

21
Q

What is synesthesia?

A

a perceptual experience in which stimulation of one sense involuntarily produces additional unusual experiences in another sense

22
Q

How does colour impact flavour and taste perception?

A

Can impact expectations of taste.

23
Q

What is spatial neglect?

A

(aka visual neglect) is a neurological disorder whereby individuals are unable to notice anything either on their left or right side even though there may be no sensory loss

24
Q

what factors influence taste perception?

A

perceptual set
- colour intensity
- texture

25
Q

What are supertasters?

A

People who have a relatively higher number papillae than the average person, giving them an increased sensitivity to taste

26
Q

What is a non-taster?

A

someone who has a lower number of papillae than the average person, giving them a decreased sensitivity to taste

27
Q

What is miraculin?

A

A protein found in miracle berries in west Africa that alters taste perception

28
Q

Describe the term ‘flavour’

A

Perceptual experience produced by a combination of taste and other sensations

29
Q

What does colour refer to in regards to flavour perception?

A

This refers to the colour of a food or beverage and its intensity

30
Q

Describe the term ‘texture’ in regards to food

A

Is the property of food/beverages that is felt in the mouth and contributes to flavour

31
Q

Describe the Muller-Lyer illusion

A

An illusion where the length of the central line of a stimulus is misjudged because if the lines attached to either end of the stimuli.

32
Q

Describe the Ames room illusion

A

An illusion that causes difficulty in accurately perceiving size based on an apparatus that manipulates depth cues

33
Q

What are the different types of synaesthesia

A

Chromesthesia
Grapheme-colour
auditory-tactile
lexical-gustatory

34
Q

What is chromesthesia

A

sound triggers perception of colour

35
Q

What is grapheme-colour synaesthesia?

A

Letters/numbers trigger perception of colour

36
Q

What is auditory-tactile synaesthesia?

A

Sound triggers perception of touch

37
Q

What is lexical-gustatory synaesthesia?

A

words triggering a perception of taste

38
Q

What does contralateral mean?

A

Opposite side of the body

Psychology Unit 2 Exam (6 decks)

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