Chapter 9 - Errors in perceptions Flashcards
What are perceptual distortions
errors in perception
What can cause perceptual distortions
neurological disorders and genetic differences
List some types of visual illutions
Muller-lyer illusion
ames room illusion
Ponzo illusion
What aspect of vision is applied to the muller-lyer illusion
occurs because of the pictorial depth cue of linear perspective
What aspect of vision is applied to the ames room illusion
applies past experience
What aspect of vision is applied to the ponzo illusion
caused by a misapplication of pictorial depth of linear perspectiveWh
what is fallibitlity?
The quality of being prone to error or experiencing difficulties sin judgement
what is a visual illusion?
The perception of visual stimulus that conflicts with how it is in reality
What is agnosia?
a disorder involving the loss or impairment of the ability to recognise familiar stimulus through the use of one or more senses, despite the senses functioning normally otherwise
What are the different types of agnosia?
- smell (olfactory agnosia)
- sound (auditory agnosia)
- touch (tactile agnosia)
- taste (gustatory agnosia)
What are the categories of visual agnosia?
apperceptive visual agnosia
associative visual agnosia
What is apperceptive visual agnosia?
the inability to generate holistic perceptions of visual information
What is associative visual agnosia
the inability to identify or recognise a visual stimulus. The perception is intact, but the ability to interpret this meaningfully is compromised
What are the subtypes of visual agnosia
Prosopagnosia, Achromatopsia, Simultanagnosia, Topographagnosia,
Agnostic Alexia (pure Alexia)
What is prosopagnosia?
The inability to recognise familiar faces
What is Achromatopsia
the inability to distinguish between colours
What is Simultanagnosia
The inability to recognise multiple objects in the same visual scene at the same time
What is Topographagnosia
The inability to process spatial environments including familiar places
what is Agnostic Alexia (pure Alexia)
The inability to recognise or interpret written words
Why do we see illusions?
The physical nature of The visual stimulus
- The characteristics of The eyes
- The characteristics of our visual perceptual process
What is synesthesia?
a perceptual experience in which stimulation of one sense involuntarily produces additional unusual experiences in another sense
How does colour impact flavour and taste perception?
Can impact expectations of taste.
What is spatial neglect?
(aka visual neglect) is a neurological disorder whereby individuals are unable to notice anything either on their left or right side even though there may be no sensory loss
what factors influence taste perception?
perceptual set
- colour intensity
- texture
What are supertasters?
People who have a relatively higher number papillae than the average person, giving them an increased sensitivity to taste
What is a non-taster?
someone who has a lower number of papillae than the average person, giving them a decreased sensitivity to taste
What is miraculin?
A protein found in miracle berries in west Africa that alters taste perception
Describe the term ‘flavour’
Perceptual experience produced by a combination of taste and other sensations
What does colour refer to in regards to flavour perception?
This refers to the colour of a food or beverage and its intensity
Describe the term ‘texture’ in regards to food
Is the property of food/beverages that is felt in the mouth and contributes to flavour
Describe the Muller-Lyer illusion
An illusion where the length of the central line of a stimulus is misjudged because if the lines attached to either end of the stimuli.
Describe the Ames room illusion
An illusion that causes difficulty in accurately perceiving size based on an apparatus that manipulates depth cues
What are the different types of synaesthesia
Chromesthesia
Grapheme-colour
auditory-tactile
lexical-gustatory
What is chromesthesia
sound triggers perception of colour
What is grapheme-colour synaesthesia?
Letters/numbers trigger perception of colour
What is auditory-tactile synaesthesia?
Sound triggers perception of touch
What is lexical-gustatory synaesthesia?
words triggering a perception of taste
What does contralateral mean?
Opposite side of the body
