Chapter 9 Emotions and Motivation Flashcards
Emotions
Mental states or feelings that have physical and behavioral responses
Motive
A desire for a goal that has value
Intrinsic motivation
Motivation by internal goals
Drives
Biological drives needed for survival
Motivation
A need or desire that directs behavior to a goal
Physiological arousal
Heightened bodily reaction
Heart rate, breathing, etc
Expressive behavior
Quick reactions
Flight or fight
Conscious experience
Thoughts about the situation and memory
Feelings
Fear
anger
joy
guilt
James- Lang Theory
Experience emotion after you become aware of physiological changes
Cannon- Bard
Emotions are due to physiological arousal and the experience of the emotion
Physiological changes
increase in heart rate, breathing, sweating, and adrenalin and decrease in salvation, digestion, and immune system.
Cognition and Emotion
Arousal fuels emotion but thinking about the situation determines the kind of emotion we experience.
Unconscious influences on Emotion
You are not aware of factors that influence your feelings
Subliminal perception
Positive words- positive mood
Negative words- negative mood
Mere practice effect
Repeated exposure makes us like something more
FACIAL FEEDBACK HYPOTHESIS
You feel an emotion that copies you facial expression- smile watching a cartoon
Expressed Emotion
-Can communicate emotion nonverbally
Drive Reduction Theory
A physiological need like hunger, thirst, pain, temperature, sex creates (a drive) that motivates the you to satisfy that need.
Hunger drive- complex reaction to body chemistry and brain signals hunger
1 stomach contractions signal hunger
Set point
A genetically programmed level of body weight in brain that balances food intake, energy output and basic metabolic rate
Psychological Factors That Affect Eating
- incentive objects: taste, smell
- mood: sadness, depression
- variety of food available
- habits: watching tv
- social relationships: eating with family
Causes of obesity
Genetic factors
Overeating
External cues: think about food
Eating disorders
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia
Anorexia nervosa
Normal weight person diets and become very underweight yet still feels fat and continue to diet
Bulimia
Over eating followed by vomiting fasting and excessive exercise
Causes of eating disorders
Low self esteem
Influence of media
Self perfectionistic standard
Genetic+ biological factors affect brain function
Intensely concerned with how others perceive them
Achievement motive
Desire to do well and succeed
Affiliation motive
Desire to be with others especially when having difficulty
Certainty motive
Desire to be in control of life without lot of changes
