Chapter 9 and 15

Question 1

Why does neglect appear to receive less attention than physical/sexual abuse?

Answer 1

1) Because of the vague definitions of neglect, many professionals are understandably unclear about what constitutes neglect, how to identify neglect, and what course of action is appropriate and effective.
2) The strong association between child neglect and poverty often evokes a sense of hopelessness among professionals, deterring them from becoming involved in the complex issues underpinning neglect situations.
3) Neglect does not evoke the horror and outrage of abuse.

Question 2

The neglect of health care that occurs when children’s basic health needs are not met is ______.

Answer 2

medical neglect

Question 3

What 4 groups of people may be involved in a neglectful situation?

Answer 3

dad, mom, child, and health care professional

Question 4

A __________ involvement in medical neglect can include emotional problems (emotional disturbances, especially depression), intellectual deficits, substance abuse, intellectual impairment (including mental retardation and lack of education).

Answer 4

mother’s

Question 5

Crittenden’s model helps refine our understanding of parental difficulties by considering 4 steps, they are:

Answer 5

1) perception of the child’s problem
2) interpretation of the problem
3) response, and
4) implementation

Question 6

What are some ways in which a parent might negatively respond to medical issues?

Answer 6

• may be in denial about a child’s condition
• may perceive or interpret problem incorrectly
• they may hope that the problem will resolve spontaneously or with a home remedy (carefully judge delay if medical care was eventually received.)
• distracted by other priorities (eviction notice, obtaining drugs, depression, difficulty accessing health care.)

Question 7

What are some ways in which a parent might positively respond to medical issues?

Answer 7

• confident in the remedy or in one’s ability to implement the treatment
• motivated to address a health problem
• well balanced needs and priorities

Question 8

What are some ways in which a child may contribute to their own neglect?

Answer 8

-denial
-refusing to adhere to the treatment plan despite efforts of parents
- give no cues to the fact that they need help
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Question 9

Children’s age may influence perceptions of their vulnerability, with more concern directed to _________.

Answer 9

younger children (the unmet needs of adolescents may not evoke the same level of concern as a small child).

Question 10

Sullivan and Knutson found in a population-based study that disabled children were ____ times more likely to be identified as maltreated than non disabled peers.

Answer 10

3.4

Question 11

What are some ways that a social work professional can assist a family to eliminate medical neglect?

Answer 11

-frame goals in a way that resonates with the goals of the child and family (goal is to play soccer rather than improve pulmonary tests).
- help ensure that parents have both the competence and confidence to follow through with treatment.
- If there are financial issues, help the family consider less expensive options or look for strategies to minimize costs
- help families incorporate recommended treatment into their daily routine, which helps families adhere to recommendations and avoid neglect.
-

Question 12

The most common form of neglected health care involves a lack of ______ with health care appointments, treatment, or recommendations, resulting in actual or potential harm.

Answer 12

adherence

Question 13

Amy not geting her prescribed treatment is an example of_______.

Answer 13

nonadherence

Question 14

A study found that ____ of adolescents were nonadherent with medical regiments.

Answer 14

one-half

Question 15

The evaluation of a possible sexual abuse begins with presenting the ______.

Answer 15

chief complaint

Question 16

What are the 8 things a professional will want to find out about the alleged victim?

Answer 16

1) the circumstances of the child’s disclosure
2) the alleged perpetrator’s relationship to the child
3) details of the alleged abuse
4) efforts by the perpetrator or others to silence the child
5) the child’s worries and concerns
6) the child’s perception of what happened, especially the child’s perception of penetration if penetration is suspected
7) exposure to pornography
8) whether pictures were taken of the child

Question 17

What are some reasons that an emergency medial examination should be conducted as quickly as possible?

Answer 17

1) the child complains of genital or anal discomfort
2) there is a history of genital or anal bleeding
3) the latest sexual contact was within 72 hours
4) there is a need for medical treatment of possible pregnancy, sit, or injury
5) the emotional condition of the child or caretakers call for an immediate examination

Question 18

The child’s ______ is often the most important and powerful evidence of the abuse.

Answer 18

description of sexual abuse

Question 19

Rapport building, reassurance, and patience are essential for successful _____.

Answer 19

questioning

Question 20

What children say to ________ is often used in legal proceedings.

Answer 20

medical professionals

Question 21

Less than ____ of sexually abused children have physical finding that produce definitive findings of abuse.

Answer 21

5%

Question 22

________ is defined as sexual intercourse (penetration) by force and without the victim’s consent.

Answer 22

rape

Question 23

___ is the act of entering a space.

Answer 23

penetration

Question 24

With rape, penetration past the hymen and into the vagina is ________. Penetration, however slight, is sufficient to be considered rape.

Answer 24

not required.

Question 25

In legal proceedings, penetration is often established with testimony from the victim and/or with ________.

Answer 25

expert medical testimony

Question 26

Healed lacerations of the hymen in either the prepubertal or pubertal child are diagnostic of _________.

Answer 26

blunt force penetrating trauma

Question 27

Acute and healed hymenal injuries are most commonly observed between the ________ position of the hymen with the child on her back (supine).

Answer 27

4 o’clock and 8 o’clock

Question 28

Determining the degree of force required to inflict a particular injury is not possible beyond saying that ____________.

Answer 28

sufficient force was used.

Question 29

Since injury can follow consensual sexual activity, the issue is not the degree of force, but whether ______________.

Answer 29

the child was able to consent to the activity the experienced.

Question 30

The depth of penetration has no direct correlation to the serious of the __________.

Answer 30

psychological impact on the child.

Question 31

The ____ is less likely to have residual trauma, and the potential for either acute or healed findings is reduced.

Answer 31

anus

Question 32

When children experience inappropriate sexual contact, they are at risk for acquiring an ______.

Answer 32

STI

Question 33

True or False. After the newborn period, when a child is present with an STI, the obvious implication is that the child came in contact with infected genital secretions.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

A scientifically unsupported theory is that STIs can be spread through innocent contact with infected secretions such as on inanimate objects such as toilet seats or washcloths. Medical professionals call such objects ______.

Answer 34

“fomites”