Chapter 17 Flashcards
____ of males will be convicted of a sexual offense in their lifetime.
1-2%
Not all sexual offenders are psychopaths, but ________ is a significant predictor of sexual recidivism.
psychopathy.
Treatment programs employ ___________ within a relapse prevention framework.
multi-component CBT
CBT is a psychotherapeutic approach that incorporates behavioral techniques with ________ to analyze and challenge distorted thinking in order to promote behavioral thinking and emotional change.
cognitive interventions
What internal factors would a sex offender have that increase the risk for reoffending?
- distorted cognitions
- social skills deficit
- empathy deficit
- difference with impulse control and emotional regulation
- poor interpersonal relationships
- substance abuse and pro-offending attitudes
How to therapists combat these behaviors (of sex offenders that have increased risk for reoffending)?
By pairing with aversive stimuli
aversive outcomes may include:
physical punishments (noxious odors or painful electric shocks)
What skills are necessary for successful reintroduction into the community?
overcome denial and minimization of offending behaviors, challenge distorted attitudes and beliefs, and enhance victim empathy. social competence is improved by providing training in social skills, communication skills, relationship skills, and problem-solving.
Most treatment programs include:
sex education, anger management, emotion regulation, relaxation training, and substance abuse work.
Treatment effectiveness is not yet conclusive, why?
it is nearly impossible to determine the effectiveness due to the fact that it is nearly impossible to implement in sex offender samples due to both ethical and logistical concerns. (police underestimate reoffending, and self-reporting is questionable bc sex offenders tend to deny and minimize deviant behavior)
_______ are factors that have the potential to change, and when changed, are associated with increases or decreases in recidivism.
Dynamic risk factors
Dynamic factors are subdivided into ______ and _____ factors.
stable and acute
__________ (also called criminogenic needs, have the potential for change but tend to be relatively stable over time, lasting weeks or months (substance abuse or dependence, deviant sexual interests, intimacy deficits).
stable factors
______ are rapidly changing characteristics or states lasting hours or days that impact the timing of reoffence (mood, state, intoxication).
acute
_______ risk factors are fixed historical characteristics that have been proven to be associated with recidivism, including previous offense history at first offense, marital status, and victim characteristics.
Static
With sex offenders, risk is generally divided into what 2 categories:
static and dynamic
What treatment factors seems to be most effective?
stable dynamic factors
the _______ principle posits that treatment should be matched to an offender’s learning style and abilities.
responsivity
Responsivity factors - those characteristics of an offender that influence his ability to benefit from treatment and determine what an offender’s learning style will be include:
psychopathy, motivation or readiness for treatment, intellectual functioning, hostility, and personality traits.
treatment should be intdividualized to focus on what 3 factors?
risk, need, and responsivity
there should be a greater emphasis on _______ processes and less on harsh and _______ approaches.
theraputic, confrontational
Despite concerns, most juvenile sex offenders are not arrested as an adult for a ________.
sexual offense.
______ who commit sexual offenses often exhibit other problems.
youth
Treatment for juvenile sexual offenders is dominated by ______, ____ and ______________.
CBT, RP, and psychoeducational models
