Chapter 9: Air Pollution Flashcards
What are typical sources of Air Pollution?
- Vehicle emissions
- Industrial emissions
- Smoke and Burning
What are some Industrial air pollution sources?
- Wood Industry
- Upstream oil and gas
- coal mining
- small businesses
What are 3 statistics about Air Pollution?
- Causes 1 in 9 deaths
- 99% of world exposed
- 7 million premature deaths a year
What two things is Air Pollution impacted by?
- Emissions
- Meterology
What are 5 types of Air Pollution?
- Industrial Smog
- Sulphureous Smog
- Photochemical Smog
- Criteria Pollutants
- Inside home/workplace pollution
(IAQ - Indoor Air Quality)
What are primary pollutants?
substances emitted directly to atmosphere
- combustion
- evapouration
- grinding and abrasion
What are secondary pollutants?
subsatnces already in atmosphere that react with sunlight
- Photochemical smog
What is the major cause of all Air Pollution?
Combustion - especially incomplete combustion
What are some side products of incomplete combustion?
- carbon monoxide
- sulphur oxides
- nitrogen oxides
- fly ash
- unburned hydrocarbons
How is photochemical smog formed?
Hydrocarbon evapouration leads to VOC.
VOC + NOx + sunlight forms photochemical smog.
What is another name for Photochemical Smog?
Ground-level ozone
What are some Criteria Air Contaminants?
- Sulphur Oxides
- Nitrogen Oxides
- VOC’s
- Carbon Monoxide
- Particulate Matter
What is the “silent killer”?
Carbon monoxide - formed by incomplete combustion.
What are the 3 types of NOx?
NO: Nitric Oxide
NO2: Nitrogen Oxide
HNO3: Nitric Acid
What causes the brownish haze in the atmosphere?
Colourless NO oxidizes to NO2 which reacts with the atmosphere and becomes HNO3.
What are the 3 types of SOx?
SO2: Suphur Dioxide
SO3: Suphur Trioxide
SO4: Sulphate