Chapter 9 - aggression Flashcards
aggression
Physical or verbal behaviour intended to hurt someone.
physical aggression
Hurting someone else’s body.
social aggression
Hurting someone else’s feelings or threatening their relationships. Sometimes called relational aggression, it includes cyberbullying and some forms of in-person bullying.
hostile aggression
Aggression
driven by anger and performed as an
end in itself.
instrumental aggression
Aggression that is a means to some
other end.
instinctive behaviour
An innate, unlearned behaviour pattern exhibited by all members of a species.
frustration–aggression theory
The theory that frustration triggers a
readiness to aggress.
frustration
The blocking of goal-directed behaviour.
displacement
The redirection of aggression to a target other than the source of the frustration. Generally, the new target is a safer or more socially acceptable target.
relative deprivation
The perception that one is less well off than others to whom one compares oneself.
social learning theory
The theory that we learn social behaviour by observing and imitating and by being rewarded and punished.
prosocial behaviour
Positive, constructive, helpful social
behaviour; the opposite of antisocial
behaviour.
social scripts
Culturally provided mental instructions for how to act in
various situations.
catharsis
Emotional release. The catharsis view of aggression is that aggressive drive is reduced when one “releases” aggressive energy, either by acting aggressively or by fantasizing aggression.
catharsis hypothesis
hypothesis—the idea that violent games allow people to safely express their aggressive tendencies and “get their anger out”
