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Paramedic Care Volume 5 - Trauma > Chapter 9 - Abdominal Trauma > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Abdominal Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

T/F - Due to the anatomy of the abdomen, injury to its contents often presents with limited signs and
symptoms.

A

pg 216

True

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2
Q

Which abdominal organs is found in the left upper quadrant?

A

pg 217

Spleen

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3
Q

What abdominal organs is found in the right lower quadrant?

A

pg 217

Appendix

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4
Q

Which abdominal organ is found in all of the abdominal quadrants?

A

pg 217

small bowel.

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5
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the digestive tract?

It is a 25-foot-long hollow tube.

It moves food via peristalsis.

It churns food.

It introduces digestive juices.

All of the above.

A

pg 218

All of the above.

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6
Q

In what order does digesting food pass through the digestive tract?

A

pg 218

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon

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7
Q

The movement of digesting material through the digestive system occurs through a process
called

A

pg 218

peristalsis

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8
Q

The largest solid organ of the abdomen is the

A

pg 218

Liver.

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9
Q

The delicate vascular organ that performs some immune functions is the

A

pg 220

spleen.

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10
Q

The solid organ that produces insulin, glucagon, and some digestive juices is the

A

pg 218

pancreas.

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11
Q

T/F - The urinary bladder may contain as little as 100 mL of fluid or as much as 2,000 mL of fluid.

A

pg 220

False

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12
Q

The genital structure that contains the developing fetus during gestation is the

A

pg 221

uterus.

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13
Q

The genital structure that releases an egg every 28 days is the

A

pg 221

ovary.

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14
Q

At what point does the uterus and developing fetus fill the abdominal cavity to the lower rib
margin?

A

pg 221

32 weeks

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15
Q

Pregnancy causes what change in the maternal blood volume?

A

pg 222

45%

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16
Q

The abdominal aorta divides into what arteries as it enters the pelvic cavity?

A

pg 222

Iliac arteries

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17
Q

The serous lining of the abdominal cavity is the

A

pg 223

peritoneum.

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18
Q

Which of the following is a retroperitoneal organ?

Duodenum

Kidneys

Spleen

Urinary bladder

All of the above

A

pg 223

All of the above

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19
Q

T/F - Bullets cause an abdominal wound mortality rate that is about equal to that caused by
slow-moving penetrating objects.

A

pg 224

False

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20
Q

What percentage of the time does a penetrating mechanism injure the liver?

A

pg 224

40 percent

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21
Q

What percentage of the time does a penetrating mechanism injure the large bowel?

A

pg 224

10%

22
Q

What organ is most frequently damaged during blunt abdominal trauma?

A

pg 224

spleen.

23
Q

Solid and hollow organs respond similarly to trauma

A

pg 224

False

24
Q

Penetration of the abdominal wall resulting in protrusion of the abdominal contents is called

A

pg 224

evisceration.

25
Q

The abdominal organs, with deep expiration, move as far up into the thorax as

A

pg 224

the nipple line.

26
Q

The term describing frank blood in the stool is

A

pg 225

hematochezia.

27
Q

The organ most likely to be injured by left-flank blunt trauma is the

A

pg 224

spleen.

28
Q

The organ that is likely to be injured in severe deceleration as its ligament restrains, then
lacerates it, is the

A

pg 226

liver.

29
Q

Blunt injury to the right-flank region is likely to cause which of the following?

A

pg 225

Kidney injury.

30
Q

Penetrating injury to the central anterior abdomen is likely to cause which of the following?

A

pg 226

Bowel injury

31
Q

Most abdominal vascular injuries are associated with penetrating trauma.

A

pg 226

True

32
Q

Hemorrhage into the abdomen is of serious concern because it

A

pg 226

may trigger a vagal response, slowing the heart.

33
Q

Blunt injury to the mesentery often occurs at

A

pg 226

the duodenal-jejunal juncture

&

the ileocecal juncture

34
Q

How long does it take bacteria to grow in sufficient numbers to irritate the peritoneum?

A

pg 226

over 12 hours.

35
Q

The number-one killer of pregnant females is

A

pg 227

Trauma.

36
Q

Unrestrained pregnant occupants in vehicles are how many more times likely to suffer fetal
mortality in an auto collision than their belted counterparts?

A

pg 227

4x more likely

37
Q

T/F - The late-term pregnant female is at increased risk for vomiting and aspiration.

A

pg 227

True

38
Q

Supine positioning of the mother may cause hypotension due to

A

pg 227

compression of the inferior vena cava.

39
Q

It may take a maternal blood loss of what percentage before the heart rate begins to increase in
the late-term pregnancy?

A

pg 227

30 to 35 percent

40
Q

Due to the flexibility of the pediatric thorax, what injuries are more likely to occur with blunt trauma?

A

pg 228

Liver, Spleenic, and Kidney Injuries

41
Q

Children may not show signs of blood loss until they have lost what percentage of their
volume?

A

pg 228

50 percent

42
Q

What percentage of patients with abdominal injury do not present with any signs or
symptoms?

A

pg 229

30 percent

43
Q

Hemorrhage into the abdomen may account for how much blood loss before it becomes
noticeable?

A

pg 230

1,500 mL

44
Q

Prehospital administration of IV fluid should be limited to

A

pg 232

3,000 mL.

45
Q

Care for the abdominal evisceration includes use of which of the following?

A

pg 233

A sterile dressing moistened with normal saline

46
Q

At what blood pressure would you consider applying the PASG in the presence of an
abdominal evisceration?

A

pg 234

50 mmHg

47
Q

Which position is indicated for the late-pregnancy patient?

A

pg 234

Left lateral recumbent

48
Q

Unless the blood pressure is less than 50 mmHg, use of the PASG is contraindicated in

A

pg 234

abdominal evisceration patients.

49
Q

T/F - Aggressive fluid resuscitation may aggravate the relative anemia associated with late-term
pregnancy.

A

pg 234

True

50
Q

T/F - Tilting the spine board 15 degrees for the immobilized, late-term mother may be beneficial.

A

pg 234

True

Paramedic Care Volume 5 - Trauma (11 decks)

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