Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual
Bill of rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
1st 10 amendments to the conservation
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to a existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
2/3 of congress or 2/3 by the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
It gets ratified by 3/4 of the state legislatures
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Gurantees freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition the gov’t
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
The right to own fire arms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
The 5th amendment
according to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Self incriminating evidence
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
The 6th amendment
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
From claiming the Bill of rights the only rights the Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
The states from the national gov’t
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
George Washington and John Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
State- handle relations with other nations
Treasury- deals with financial matters
War- deals with nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, Henry Knox and the attorney general
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Thomas Jefferson
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of Treasury
What act established a federal court system?
The judiciary act of 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
They could pass them
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief of justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
The amount the gov’t owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Proposed a plan that would have the Federal gov’t take care of the state debts from the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The southern states
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
They agreed with his plan in exchange for the capital being moved to Washington DC
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
For the intent of the Constitution
What is a tariff?
Were instituted to encourage people to buy American goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal gov’t
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
He believed that political parties divided people and kept the gov’t from working together
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
- favored a strong federal gov’t
- rule by wealthy
- loose the pretation of the Constitution
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
- state banks
- state gov’ts
- rule by the people
- strict interpretation of the Constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
He didn’t like them and thought they divided people
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses were meetings held by both parties to change their candidate
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
America was trading with Great Britain
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
To protect the security for the nation and slow immigration
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in the us for 14 years before being able to apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed the president to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
A crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the gov’t
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
The 1st amendment
