Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of Rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
1st 10 Amendments to the Constitution
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
An amendment may be proposed be 2/3 of Congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
It must be ratified by 3/4 of the state legislatures
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition the gov’t
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Claiming the BoR are the the only rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
States could be used as protection against the powers of a national gov’t
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department- handle relations with other nations
Treasury Department- deal with financial matters
War Department- deals with nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Secretary of State, Secretary of Treasury, Secretary of War, and Attorney General
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of Treasury
What act established a federal court system?
The Judiciary Act of 1789
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
The amount the gov’t owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Have the federal gov’t take care of them
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The Southern states because they owed less than the Northern states and would have to pay more than their fair share to compensate
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
In exchange the US Capital was moved to the South, Washington DC
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
It fell within the intent of the Constitution
