Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
1-10
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to the constitution
How does an amendment get proposed?
By 2/3 of the congress or states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
By 3/4 of the state legislatures
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press and petition the gov’t
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Unreasonable searches and seizures
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Without due process of the law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Claiming the Bill of Rights
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
States could be used at protection
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
George Washington and john Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
SD-Relations w/other nations
TD-delta w/financial matters
WD-deals w/nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Sec. of State, Sec. of Treasury, and Sec. of War and the president
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Sec. of Treasury
What act established a federal court system?
Judiciary Act of 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Over term them
Who was John Jay?
1st chief executive
What is a national debt?
The amount the gov’t owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
He proposed a plan that would have the federal gov’t take care of state debts from the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The south because they owed less than the northern states and would have to pay more
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
Because they got to change the U.S. capital to the south
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
Because he said it fell within the intent of the constitution
What is a tariff?
Tax on imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal gov’t
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
He wanted there to be new voices heard
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Favored a strong federal gov’t
Believed in rule by the wealthy
Loose interpretation of the const.
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State banks
State gov’s
Rule by the people
Strict interpretation of the const.
How did Washington feel about political parties?
Washington believed that they divided people and kept the gov’t from working together
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
France seized American ships that carried cargo to GB
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
To protect the security of the nation and slow immigration
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required “aliens” to live in the us for 14 years
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed president to deport “aliens”
What was the Sedition Act?
A crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the government
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
1st amendment
