Chapter 4 Flashcards
What was the main economic activity in all colonies?
Farming
What is subsistence farming?
Giving just enough to meet there needs.
What is commercial agriculture?
When larger amounts of crops are produced to make a profit.
Why did New England farmers practice subsistence farming?
Because the soil was thin and rocky
What were the two main industries of the New England colonies?
Shipbuilding and Fishing.
What is the triangular trade?
It’s a system in which slaves, crops, & manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, & the American colonies.
What was the name of the slave transporting leg of the Triangular Trade?
The Middle Passage.
Where was the hub of the shipping trade in America?
New England.
What is a cash crop?
Crops that could be sold in markets.
What were the two main cash crops of the Middle Colonies?
Wheat And Oats.
Which colonial region was known for its diverse population of German and Scotch-Irish citizens?
The Middle Colonies.
What was the main cash crop in Virginia and Maryland?
Tobacco.
What was the main cash crop in Georgia and South Carolina?
Rice.
What did rice and tobacco have in common (why slaves were used to harvest them)?
Both of these crops were very labor intensive so slavery increased on these large farms.
What is supply and demand?
The control of the prices of crops.
What were the strict rules governing the behavior and punishment of slaves in the colonies?
The Slave Codes.
How did England view the colonies economically?
England views them as an economic resource.
How do you make money on trade?
You must export more than you import.
What was important about the Navigation Acts?
It ensured that England made money off of colonial trade by restricting trade.
What established a limited government in the 13th century and inspired the US Constitution?
The Magna Carta.
Who was allowed to vote in the mid 1700’s in the colonies?
Only White Men who owned property could but, not all free men could vote.
What was the religious revival that swept through the colonies?
The Great Awakening.
What was the Enlightenment?
A belief that knowledge, science, and; reason could improve society.
What was the name of the book Benjamin Franklin wrote after being inspired by the Enlightenment?
Poor Richard’s Almanack.
Who was the newspaper publisher that was charged with a crime for accusing the governor of New York of being
corrupt?
John Peter Zenger
The John Peter Zenger Trial dealt with what personal liberty?
Freedom of the press.
Where is the land area that the British and French fought over because of the fur trade?
The Ohio River Valley.
What was the most powerful group of Native Americans in the East?
The Iroquois Confederacy.
Who was sent to tell the French to leave the Ohio River Valley and struck the first blow against the French?
George Washington.
What is a militia?
A group of citizens trained to fight in emergencies.
What did the Albany Plan of Union want to do?
The wanted to help the colonies defend themselves from the French.
What was the name of the political cartoon that encouraged the colonies to approve the Albany Plan of Union?
“Join or Die.”
What was the name of the war between the French and British in Europe?
French and Indian War.
What is the name of the fort that the Cherokee burned down in modern day Tennessee?
Fort Loudoun.
What was the most important victory for the British in the F&I War?
The Battle of Quebec.
What did the Treaty of Paris 1763 do?
It ends the French & Indian War and is the end of power in North America for the French.
Who was the Ottawa chief who believed the British were threatening their way of life?
Pontiac
What did the Proclamation of 1763 do?
It halted western expansion by the settlers west of the Appalachian Mountains to appease the Native American’s.
Why were many colonists upset over the Proclamation of 1763?
Because some of them had already bought land west of the Appalachians.
