Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
The Bill of Rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
1-10
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
2/3 of the congress or 2/3 of the states to pass it.
How does an amendment then get ratified?
3/4 of the state legislatures have to pass it.
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Speech,religion,assembly,press,and petition the government
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Unreasonable searches and seizures
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
The 5th amendment
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
The 6th amendment
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
It prevents the government from claiming the Bill of Rights
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
The states
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
Washington and Jefferson
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department- handle relations with other nations
Treasury Department- deals with financial matters
War Department- deals with nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Attorney general, Secretary of State, secretary of treasury, secretary of war.
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of Treasury
What act established a federal court system?
Judiciary Act of 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Overturn them
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
What is a national debt?
The amount the government owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
He proposed a plan that would have the federal government take care of the state debts from the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The southern states because they owed less than the northern states and would have to pay more than their fair share to compensate
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
They agreed in exchange for the US Capital being moved o the South,Washington DC
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
He said a national bank fall within the intent of the constitution
What is a tariff?
Tax on imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
He didn’t want the job after the president to be the king.
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Favored a strong federal government,rule by wealthy,loses interpretation of the constitution
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State banks, state government,rule by the people, strict interpretation of the Constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
He believed the political parties divided people and kept the government from working together
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses were meetings held by both parties to choose their candidate
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
XYZ affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
To protect the security of the nation and slow immigration
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in the US for 14 years being being able to apply for citizenship
What could the federal court system do?
The federal court system could over turn state laws.
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed presidents to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
A crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the government
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
The 1st amendment
