Chapter 9 Flashcards
Proximity- Explain the study of seating and later friendship
Proximity: Refers to geographic, residential, and other forms of spatial closeness.
Those who sat in neighboring seats were more likely to be friends than those in the same row, while those in the same row were more likely than those in control conditions
Familiarity- The mere exposure Effect
In choosing a marriage partner, what two traits did college students rank highest?
The mere exposure effect, or an increase in positive feelings toward a novel stimulus (person) based on frequent exposure to it.
Traits of honesty and trustworthiness.
What facial characteristics of women/men get the highest ratings?
Women - neonate qualities such as large eyes, prominent cheekbones, a small nose, and full lips.
Men - Strong jaw and a broad forehead.
What is a race difference in preference for body type?
African American men and women prefer a larger body type than European American men and women do.
What appears to contribute to body dissatisfaction?
Culture objectifying bodies, people feel greater pressure to meet the ideals of the body shape.
What is the Matching Hypothesis?
Explain how males “trade” occupational status for physical attractiveness.
The matching hypothesis proposes that people of similar levels of physical attractiveness gravitate toward each other.
Males are more likely to date someone who is physically attractive and care less about their economic status compared to themselves.
What reason do evolutionary social psychologist give for the female tendency to have little or no incentive for mating with many males while males may desire to mate with many females?
Males are required to invest little in the production of offspring besides copulation.
Females have to invest nine months in pregnancy and at least several years nourishing the offspring through breastfeeding.
According to research should you play hard to get?
No
People are attracted to others who are similar to them in what kinds of ways?
Demographic characteristics (age, race, religion, socioeconomic status, and education)
Intelligence
Physical attractiveness
Attitudes
Explain how social exchange theory predicts whether a relationship will continue
The theory postulates that interpersonal relationships are governed by the perceptions of the rewards and costs changed in interactions
Rewards include emotional support, status, and sexual gratification.
Costs include time and energy required, emotional conflicts, and the inability to engage in other rewarding activities.
List any 3 of 6 Rules for friendship
Intimacy, self-disclosure, trust, and preferred topics of conversation.
In the U.S. Women’s friendships are more emotionally based while men’s tend to be more activity based. Explain what this emans
Women’s friendships are closer and more satisfying because they involve more self-disclosure
What are women friends compared to men friends more likely to talk about?
Women’s friendships are closer and more satisfying because they involve more ___ ____
Women tend to discuss personal problems, people, relationships, and feelings.
Men tend to talk about sports, work, vehicles, and computers.
Self-Disclosure
What is Sexual Orientation?
Most studies of romantic love and relationships suffer from heterosexism. Explain
Are there similarities between homosexual and heterosexual couples in what they want in a relationship?
Sexual orientation: refers to a person’s preference for emotional and sexual relationships with individuals of the same gender, the other gender, or either gender.
Heterosexism: The assumption that all individuals and relationships are heterosexual. Questionnaires on romantic love/relationships fail to ask participant about their orientation.
Essentially the same.
Which gender tends to:
Be more romantic?
Fall in love more easily?
Fall out of love more easily?
Say “I love you” first?
Report physical symptoms with being in love, e.g. “floating on a cloud”
Men
Men
Women
Men
Women
