Chapter 9 Flashcards
Mechanoreceptors
Changes in pressure or body movement.
Muscles stretch
Thermorecptors
Changes in external and internal temperature
Pain receptors
Damage or oxygen deprivation to tissue
Chemoreceptors
Change in chemical concentrations of substances
Photoreceptors
Light and energy
Cutaneous receptors
Located in epidermis
Makes skin sensitive to touch
Some touch some pressure
Somatic nociceptors
Skin and skeletal muscle
Response to damage
Visceral nociceptors
Reaction to excessive stretching, oxygen deprivation, or chemical released by damaged tissues.
What kind of sense is taste and smell
Chemical
Sense of taste
Sensory receptors in taste buds.
Where are taste buds located
Tongue
Hard palate
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Types of taste sensations
Set Sour Salty Bitter Umami
How does the brain receive taste?
Molecules in food bind with receptor proteins on microvilli on taste cells.
Nerve impulses generate and go to the brain.
What causes the sense of smell.
Olfactory cells
Where are olfactory cells located?
In olfactory epithelium in roof of nasal cavity
How brain received odor information.
Nerve fibers lead to olfactory bulb
Combinations of activated receptors proteins account for different odors.
Odors dignities dryerminrd by which neurons are stimulated in olfactory bulb.
What’s the function of the lens on your eye?
Focuses images on retina.
Vision pathway
Light focused on photoreceptors
Rod absorbs light
Light stimulus STOPS the release of neurotransmitter molecules from rod synaptic vesicles
Color vision comes from
Cones
3 layers of neurons
Rod cells and cone cells are located in deepest layer
Middle layer contains bipolar cells
Inner most contains ganglion cells
Outer ear
Pinna Audition canal( lined with hair. Modified seat glands secret ceremen ear wax)
Middle ear
Begins with tympanic membrane
Ends at body wall with two small openings. (Oval window and round window.)
Inner ear
Filled with fluid Three areas: Semicircular canals Vestibule Chochlea
Sound path way
Sound waves style tympanic membrane causing it to vibrate
Pressure from tympanic membrane causes malleus incus and then stapes to vibrate.
Stapes strike oval wall
Vibrations are passed to fluid within cochlea of inner ear.
From cochlea to the auditory cortex
Pressure waves move across the basilar membrane the steriocilia bend
Nerve impulses begin in the cochlear nerve and travel to the brain stem and then the auditory cortex.
