Chapter 9 Flashcards
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
1st 10 amendments
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
By 2/3 of congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
After an amendment is proposed, it must be ratified by 3/4 of the state legislatures .
What five civil liberties does the 1st
Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech , religeon , assembly , press , and petition the government .
What does the 2nd
Amendment give you the right to own?
Right to own firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause .
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th Amendment (the right to not give self incriminating evidence )
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Without due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th amendment
What does the 9th
Amendment keep the government from doing?
Prevents the government from claiming the Bill of Rights are the only rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th
Amendment for protection?
States
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of Rights
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
George washington is the first president and John adams is his VP
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
State : handle relations w/ other nations
Treasury: deal w/ financial matters
War: deals w/ nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Secretary of State, Secretary of the Treasury, Secretary of War, Attourny General
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
State : Thomas Jefferson
Treasury : Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secratary of Treasury
What act established a federal court system?
The Judiciary Act of 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Federal courts could overturn state laws
Who was John Jay?
1st cheif justice of the supreme court
What is a national debt?
The amount the govt owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
He proposed a plan that would have the federal govt take care of the state debts from the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The southern states were against this plan because they owed less than the northern states & would have to pay more than their fair share ro compensate
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
In exchange for the US capital being moved to the south , washington DC
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
Intent of the constitution
What is a tariff?
Instituted to encourage people to buy American goods. Tax on imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal govt
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
He didnt want the presidenscy to become like a king
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Favored a strong federal govt
Rule by wealthy
Loose interpretation of the constitution
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State banks
State govts
Rule by the people
Strict interpretation of the contituution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
Believed that political parties divided people and kept the government from working together
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
XYZ affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
To protect the security of the nation and slow immigration .
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in the us for 14 years before being ablecto apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed the president to deport aliens .
What was the Sedition Act?
A crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weakthe govt
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
1st amendment
