Chapter 9 Flashcards
A stands for
Adenine
T stands for
Thymine
G stands for
Guanine
C stands for
Cytosine
What is a nucleotide?
a single building block of DNA
what is in a nucleotide?
one deoxyribose sugar, one phosphate group, one nitrogeneous base
What are the purines
A and G
what are the pyrimidines?
C and T
What describes the opposing directions of the two nucleotide chains of DNA in a double helix?
Antiparrallelism
A and T, C and G are
Complementary base pairs
DNA replication is referred to as
Semiconservative
This unwinds the double helix
Helicase
This comes in after the Helicase and stabilizes the two strands - keeps DNA open
Binding proteins
this adds a RNA primer to the template strand - tells DNA polymerase where to start building
Primase
This is what builds the nucleotides
DNA Polymerase
This joins the Okazaki fragments and seals other nicks in the sugar-phosphate backbone
Ligase
Origin
where the helicase binds to the DNA
a trait that can be described as single-gene
polygenic
genes that are influenced by the enviroment
multifactorial
height, skin color, body weight
multifactorial traits
this trait reflects genetic and environmental influences and arise from connection among the brain’s neurons
behavioral traits
intelligence, addiction, mood disorders
examples of behavioral traits
deoxyribose
DNA
ribose
RNA
double stranded
DNA
single stranded
RNA
no enzyme function
DNA
some enzyme function
RNA
stores information
DNA
carries information
RNA
stable
DNA
unstable/transient
RNA
