Chapter 9

Question 0

Acacia shrubland

Answer 0

Major vegetation type dominated by mulga , a species I’d acacia which occurs in arid midland Australia

Question 1

Abiotic factors

Answer 1

Non living, eg salinity, light, soil

Question 2

Adaptation

Answer 2

Features that equip an organism for survival and reproduction in an environment

Question 3

Annual

Answer 3

Plants that germinate, mature and produce seed and the die in one breeding season

Question 4

Biennals

Answer 4

Plants that live for two growing seasons, germinating and growing in the first and producing seed and dying in the second

Question 5

Biotic

Answer 5

Living factors include predators

Question 6

Closed forests

Answer 6

Type of forest. In which the foliage of the upper cover 70-100 of the sky

Question 7

Community

Answer 7

Biological unit consisting of all populations in a specific area in a specific time

Question 8

Competition

Answer 8

Interaction between individual of the same or different species that use one or more of the same resources in an ecosystem

Question 9

Dessication

Answer 9

Drying out

Question 10

Diapause

Answer 10

A state of inactivity characterised by low metabolism eg hibernation, sleep

Question 11

Dormancy

Answer 11

Condition of inactivity resulting from extreme lowering of metabolic rate in an organism

Question 12

Drought

Answer 12

Periods I’d deficiency in rainfall compared to the average

Question 13

El Niño

Answer 13

Global weather event , occurring every two to seven years, that produces drought conditions in eastern Australia

Question 14

Ephemeral

Answer 14

Refers to plant species that germinate, grow and produce seed in a short period of weeks

Question 15

Extreme environments

Answer 15

Describes environmental conditions in so called habitats

Question 16

Filter feeders

Answer 16

I aquatic organisms that obtain their food by filtering small particles of organic matter or small organisms from water that passes across specialised structure that can trap this food

Question 17

Habitat

Answer 17

Part of an ecosystem in which an organism lives, feeds and reproduces

Question 18

La Niña

Answer 18

Global weather event , occurs every two to seven years that produces higher than average rainfall in Easter Australia

Question 19

Leaching

Answer 19

Gradual loss of nutrients from soil when they are dissolved and washed away

Question 20

Limiting factor

Answer 20

Environmental condition that restricts the types of organism that can survive in any given habitat

Question 21

Microenvironment

Answer 21

Conditions in a small region of a habitat

Question 22

Micro habitat

Answer 22

Small region within a habitat that may have environmental conditions that differ from those prevailing in the larger habitat

Question 23

Migratory

Answer 23

Refers to a population that moves from one location or another on an annual or seasonal basis for resources

Question 24

Niche overlap

Answer 24

Situation in an ecosystem in which different species are in competition for the same energy and space resources , niche overlap in an ecosystem is typically minimal or zero

Question 25

Niches

Answer 25

Way of life of organism in an ecosystem, roles if species in a community

Question 26

Operculum

Answer 26

In fish the flaps covering the gills, in molluscs a hard impermeable lid closes the shell making a waterproof compartment for the animal

Question 27

Perennials

Answer 27

Plants that live for several years and produce seeds in two or more different years

Question 28

Photic zone

Answer 28

Region of ocean to the surface to the greatest depth to which light can penetrate, typically 200m

Question 29

Pat tag

Answer 29

Pop off archival transponder get tag-

Question 30

Qualitative

Answer 30

Refers Tia description of an environment in imprecise terms such as warm and shady

Question 31

Quantitative

Answer 31

Refers to a description of an environment using numerical values, such as 10degrees

Question 32

Range

Answer 32

Geographic area enclosing all the habitats where a given species lives, sometimes referred to as distribution

Question 33

Remote sensing

Answer 33

Edits gathering about an object from a distance using a land satellite

Question 34

Stomata

Answer 34

openings which typically on a leaf surface, through which water vapour and carbon dioxide can move

Question 35

Telemetry

Answer 35

Method of monitoring from a distance

Question 36

Tolerance range

Answer 36

Extent of variation in an environmental factor within which a particular series can survive

Question 37

Transpiration

Answer 37

Loss of water through the surface of the plant

Question 38

Water tappers

Answer 38

Cyclic process by which water moves between the parts of a biosphere