Chapter 9 Flashcards
What is Project Human Resource Management?
- includes the processes that organize, manage and lead the project team
what is the project team?
- people with assigned roles and responsibilities for completing the project.
- type and number of team members can change as the project progresses
- also known as project’s staff
what is the benefit of involving team members early on in the project?
- add their expertise during the planning process and strengthens their commitment to hte project
what are the processes in Project Human Resource Management?
- 1 develop human resource plan
- 2 acquire project team
- 3 develop project team
- 4 manage project team
what is the project management team?
- a subset of the project team that is responsible for the project management and leadership activities like initiating, planning, executing, monitoring, controlling and closing
- also known as the core, executive, or leadership team
- project sponsor works with the project management team to help with matters on project funding, clarifying scope, monitoring progress and influencing others
what is involved with managing the project team?
- influencing the project team –> being aware and influencing HR factors that may impact the project
- making sure the team is following professional and ethical behaviour
what HR factors may impact the project?
- team environment, geographical location of team members, communications among stakeholders, internal and external politics, cultural issues, organizational uniqueness, etc.
what are examples of interactions that require additional planning?
- additional team members may be needed after team members create the WBS
- new team members may have less experience and increase the project risk
- activity duration estimates could change due to the team members and competency levels
what is the Develop Human Resource Plan process?
- identifying and documenting project roles, responsibilities, required skills, reporting relationships and creating a staffing management plan
what goes in the human resource plan?
- documents project roles and responsibilities, project organization charts
what goes in the staffing management plan?
- timetable for staff acquisition and release
- can also identify training needs, team building strategies, plan for recognition and rewards, compliance considerations, safety issues, etc.
what are the inputs into the Develop Human Resource Plan process?
- activity resource requirements
- enterprise environmental factors
- organizational process assets
what are the tools & techniques of the Develop Human Resource Plan process?
- organization charts and position descriptions
- networking
- organizational theory
what are the outputs of the Develop Human Resource Plan process?
- human resource plan
how are activity resource requirements used in the Develop Human Resource Plan process?
- activity resource requirements from the schedule is used to determine human resource needs for the project
- required people and competencies for team members are progressively elaborated as part of the HR planning process
what enterprise environmental factors influence the Develop Human Resource Plan process?
- organizational culture and structure
- existing human resources
- personnel administration policies
- marketplace conditions
what organizational process assets can influence the Develop Human Resource Plan process?
- organizational standard processes and policies and standardized role descriptions
- templates for org charts and position descriptions
- historical information on org structures that have worked in previous projects
what are organization charts and position descriptions?
3 types of formats to document team member roles and responsibilities
- hierarchical
- matrix
- text oriented
- each work package should have an unambiguous owner and all team members should have a clear understanding of their roles and responsibilities
what are hierarchical-type charts?
- traditional org chart to show positions and relationships in a graphic, top-down format
- the organizational breakdown structure (OBS) is arranged according to the org’s existing departments, units or team with project activities or work activities listed under each dept
what are organization charts and position descriptions?
3 types of formats to document team member roles and responsibilities
- hierarchical
- matrix
- text oriented
- each work package should have an unambiguous owner and all team members should have a clear understanding of their roles and responsibilities
what are hierarchical-type charts?
- traditional org chart to show positions and relationships in a graphic, top-down format
- the organizational breakdown structure (OBS) is arranged according to the org’s existing departments, units or team with project activities or work activities listed under each dept
what is a resource breakdown structure
- hierarchical chart used to break down the project by types of resources
- helpful in tracking project costs and can be aligned with the org’s accounting system
what are matrix-based charts?
- responsibility assignment matrix (RAM) used to illustrate connections between work packages/activities and project members
- shows all activities associated with one person and all people associated with one activity
- ensures only 1 person is accountable for any 1 task to avoid confusion
ex. a RACI (responsible, accountable, consult and inform) chart is important when the team has internal and external resources to ensure clear divisions of roles and expectations
what are text-oriented formats?
- useful for team member responsibilities that require detailed descriptions
- provides information like responsibilities, authority, competencies and qualifications
- known as position descriptions and role-responsibility-authority forms
- can be used as templates for future projects
what parts of the project management plan contribute to the org charts and position descriptions?
- risk register lists risk owners
- communication plan lists team members responsible for communication activities
- quality plan designates those responsible for carrying out QA and QC activities
what is networking?
- formal and informal interactions with others in an org, industry or professional environment
- constructive way to understand political and interpersonal factors that will impact the effectiveness of staffing management options
- useful at the beginning of a project
- effective way to enhance project management professional development
what does HR networking activities include?
- proactive correspondence, luncheon meetings, information conversions like meetings and events, trade conferences and symposia
what is organizational theory?
- provides information about the way in which people, teams and organizational units behave
what is the benefit of organizational theory?
- effective use of this info shortens the amount of time, cost and effort to create HR planning outputs and improves the likelihood that planning will be effective
- different org structures have different individual response, individual performance and personal relationship characteristics
what is a human resource plan?
- provides guidance on how project HR should be defined, staffed, managed, controlled and eventually released
what does the human resource plan include?
- roles and responsibilities
- project organization charts
- staffing management plan
what items need to be addressed when listing roles and responsibilities needed to complete a project?
- role: label describing the part of a project for which a person is accountable. should clarify authority, responsibilities and boundaries
- authority: the right to apply project resources, make decisions and sign approvals
- responsibility: work that a project member is expected to perform to complete the project’s activities
- competency: skill & capacity needed to complete project activities. training, hiring, schedule changes or scope changes are responses to mismatches in competency
what is a project organization chart?
- graphic display of team members and their reporting relationships
what is a staffing management plan?-
- part of the HR plan which is part of the project management plan
- describes when and how HR requirements will be met
- updated continually during the project to direct ongoing team member acquisition and development actions
what information is included in a staffing management plan?
- staff acquisition
- resource calendars: necessary time frames for team members and when acquisition activities like recruiting should start
- staff release plan: determines method and timing of releasing team members
- training needs
- recognition and awards
- compliance: strategies for complying with government regulations, union contracts, etc.
- safety: policies and procedures protecting team members from safety hazards
how does a resource histogram help with HR?
- bar chart that illustrates the number of hours a person/dept/team will need each week/month over the course of the project.
- horizontal line represents max number of hours available, anything beyond identifies a need for a resource leveling strategy
what are the benefits of a staff release plan?
- cost associated with resources are no longer charged to the project
- planned transitions improves morale
- mitigates HR risks
what are the benefits of recognition and rewards?
- helps promote and reinforce desired behaviours
- must be based on activities and performance under a person’s control
what is the Acquire Project Team process?
- confirm HR availability and obtain the team necessary to complete project assignments
what are some factors to consider during the process of acquiring the project team?
- PM or PM team should effectively negotiate and influence others who are in a position to provide required HR for the project
- failure to acquire the necessary resources may affect schedules, budgets, customer satisfaction, quality and risks
- PM/team may be required to assign alternative resources
- impact of unavailability of required resources needs to be reflected in schedule, budget, risks, quality, training plans etc.
what are the inputs to Acquire Project Team?
- project management plan
- enterprise environmental factors
- organizational process assets
what are the tools and techniques to Acquire Project Team?
- pre-assignment
- negotiation
- acquisition
- virtual teams
what are the outputs of Acquire Project Team process?
- project staff assignments
- resource calendars
- project management plan updates
what part of the project management plan serves as an input into the Acquire Project Team process?
- the human resource plan, which is part of the project management plan, provides guidances on how project HR should be identified, staffed, managed, controlled and released
includes
- roles and responsibilities that define the positions, skills and competencies the project demands
- project org charts that indicate # of people needed for the project
- staffing management plan delineating time periods each team member will be needed
what enterprise environmental factors can influence the Acquire Project Team process?
- existing info for HR including who’s available, their competency levels, prior experience, interest in the project, cost rate
- personnel administration policies (ex. outsourcing?)
- org structure
- location or multiple locations