Chapter 12 Flashcards
what is Project Procurement Management?
- processes to purchase or acquire products, services, or results needed from outside the project team
- includes the contract management and change control processes required to develop and administer contracts or purchase orders
- includes administering any contract issued by an outside organization (the buyer) that is acquiring the project from the performing organization (the seller), and administering contractual obligations placed on the project team by the contract.
what are the processes in Project Procurement Management?
- Plan Procurements
- conduct procurements
- administer procurements
- close procurements
what is a contract?
- represents a mutually binding agreement that obligates the seller to provide the specified products, services, or results, and obligates the buyer to provide monetary or other valuable consideration
- can also be called an agreement, an understanding, a subcontract, or a purchase order.
what is the primary focus of the review and approval process for a contract?
- ensure that the contract language describes the products, services, or results that will satisfy the identified project need
what are other names for sellers
contractor, subcontractor, vendor, service provider, or supplier.
what are other names for buyers?
- client, customer, prime contractor, contractor, acquiring organization, governmental agency, service requestor, or purchaser
seller managers the work as a project. what happens in this case?
- buyer becomes a key project stakeholder
- seller’s PM team is concerned with all processes of PM
- terms and conditions of contract become key inputs into many of the sellers’ management processes
what is Plan Procurements?
- process of documenting project purchasing decisions, specifying the approach, and identifying potential sellers
- identifies project needs which can best be, or must be, met by acquiring products, services, or results outside of the project organization
- also includes consideration of potential sellers, particularly if the buyer wishes to exercise some degree of influence or control over acquisition decision
what are the inputs to the Plan Procurements process?
.1 Scope baseline .2 Requirements documentation .3 Teaming agreements .4 Risk register .5 Risk-related contract decisions .6 Activity resource requirements .7 Project schedule .8 Activity cost estimates .9 Cost performance baseline .10 Enterprise environmental factors .11 Organizational process assets
what are the tools & techniques of the Plan Procurements process?
.1 Make-or-buy analysis
.2 Expert judgment .
3 Contract types
what are the outputs of the Plan Procurements process?
.1 Procurement management plan .2 Procurement statements of work .3 Make-or-buy decisions .4 Procurement documents .5 Source selection criteria .6 Change requests
how do the requirements documentation contribute to the Plan Procurements process?
may include
- Important information about project requirements that is considered during planning for procurements
= Requirements with contractual and legal implications which are considered when planning for procurements.
what are teaming agreements?
- legal contractual agreements between two or more entities to form a partnership or joint venture, or some other arrangement
- The agreement defines buyer-seller roles for each party
how are activity cost estimates helpful during the Plan Procurements process?
- Cost estimates developed by the procuring activity are used to evaluate the reasonableness of the bids or proposals received from potential sellers
what enterprise environmental factors can influence the Plan Procurements process
- Marketplace conditions;
- Products, services, and results that are available in the marketplace;
- Suppliers
- Typical terms and conditions for products, services, and results or for the specific industry; and
= unique local requirements
what org process assets influence the Plan Procurement process?
- Formal procurement policies, procedures, and guidelines.
- Management systems that are considered in developing the procurement management plan and selecting the contract
- An established multi-tier supplier system of pre-qualified sellers based on prior experience
what is Make-or-Buy Analysis?
general management technique used to determine whether particular work can best be accomplished by the project team or must be purchased from outside sources
what influences make-or-buy decisions?
- Budget constraints
- all related costs; both direct costs as well as indirect support costs.
what expert judgment is used in the Plan Procurements process?
- used to develop or modify the criteria that will be used to evaluate seller proposals
what are possible types of contracts that could be used?`
- fixed-price contracts
- – firm fixed price contracts (FFP)
- – fixed price incentive fee contracts (FPIF)
- – fixed price with economic price adjustment contracts (FP-EPA)
- cost-reimbursable contracts
- – cost plus fixed fee contracts (CPFF)
- – cost plus incentive fee contracts (CPIF)
- – cost plus award fee contracts (CPAF)
- time and materials contract (T&M)
what are fixed-price contracts
- contracts with a fixed total price for a defined product/service to be provided
- can include financial incentives for achieving/exceeding project objectives
- buyers must precisely specific product/services being procured; changes in scope can cause an increase in contract price
what are firm fixed price contracts (FFP)?
- price for goods set at the outset and not subject to change unless scope changes
- cost increase due to adverse performance is the responsibility of the seller
what are fixed price incentive fee contracts (FPIF)?
- gives buyer and seller some flexibility because it allows for deviation from performance with financial incentives tied to achieving agreed to metrics
- final contract price determined after all work completed based on the seller’s performance
- all costs above the price ceiling are teh responsibility of the seller
what are fixed price with economic price adjustment contracts (FP-EPA)?
- used when the seller’s performance period spans a considerable period of years
- fixed-price contract with a special provisions allowing for pre-defined final adjustments to contract price due to changed conditions like inflation or cost changes for specific commodities
- must be related to some reliable financial index to adjust the final price
- protects buyer and seller from external conditions beyond their control