Chapter 9 Flashcards
Functions of the external ear
Collects sounds waves
Shape of external ear transforms sound energy
The external ear
The pinna
The ear canal
The organ corti
Has 3 main structures
- tectorial membrane
- basilar membrane
- hair cells
Tectorial membrane
Framework of supporting cells
Basilar membrane
Vibrates in response to sound
Hair cells
Inner hair cells-release glutamate
Outer Hair cells- release acetylcholine
Binaural cues
Intensity differences- differences in loudness at the 2 ears
Latency differences- difference between 2 ears in the time of arrival of sound
The superior olivary nucleus
Lateral superior olive (lso)
Medial superior olive (mso)
Lateral superior olive (lso)
Processes intensity differences
Medial superior olive (mso)
Processes latency differences
Encoded sound by relative acuity of the left and right sides
Olfactory epithelium
Made up of:
Receptor cells
Supporting cells
Basal cells
Receptor cells for olfactory epithelium
Apical dendrite of receptor cell extends
- dendritic knob to the mucosal surface
- extends cilia beyond surface
- axon of receptor cell extends to olfactory bulb
2 targets of the olfactory bulb
Amygdala
Primary olfactory cortex
Organization of olfactory projections
- Form a map in cortex
- Related substances activate adjacent brain regions
The vomeralnasal system
Detects pheromones-secreted odor signals
