Chapter 9

Question 1

Alveolar Ventilation

Answer 1

The amount of air that reaches the alveoli

Question 2

Artificial Ventilation

Answer 2

Forcing air or oxygen into the lungs when a patient has stopped breathing or has inadequate breathing. Also called positive pressure ventilation.

Question 3

Automatic transport ventilator (ATV)

Answer 3

A device that provides positive pressure ventilations. It includes settings designed to adjust ventilation rate and volume, is portable, and is easily carried on an ambulance

Question 4

Bag-valve Mask (BVM)

Answer 4

A handheld device with a face mask and self-refilling bag that can be squeezed to provide artificial ventilations to a patient. It can deliver air from the atmosphere or oxygen from a supplemental oxygen supply system.

Question 5

cellular respiration

Answer 5

the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells and circulating blood.

Question 6

Cricoid pressure

Answer 6

Pressure applied to the cricoid ring to minimize air entry into the esophagus during positive pressure ventilation. Also called Sellick maneuver.

Question 7

cyanosis

Answer 7

A blue or gray color resulting from lack of oxygen in the body.

Question 8

diffusion

Answer 8

a process by which molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Question 9

flowmeter

Answer 9

A valve that indicates the flow of oxygen in liters per minute

Question 10

flow-restricted, oxygen powered ventilation device (FROPVD)

Answer 10

A device that uses oxygen under pressure to deliver artificial ventilations. Its trigger is placed so that the rescuer can operate it while still using both hands to maintain a seal on the face mask. It has automatic flow restriction to prevent overdelivery of oxygen to the patient.

Question 11

Humidifier

Answer 11

A device connected to the flowmeter to add moisture to the dry oxygen coming from an oxygen cylinder.

Question 12

Hypoxia

Answer 12

An insufficiency of oxygen in the body’s tissues.

Question 13

Nasal Cannula

Answer 13

A device that delivers low concentrations of oxygen through two prongs that rest in the patients nostrils.

Question 14

Nonrebreather (NRB) Mask

Answer 14

A face mask and reservoir bag device that delivers high concentrations of oxygen. The patient’s exhaled air escapes through a valve and is not rebreathed.

Question 15

Oxygen Cylinder

Answer 15

A cylinder filled with oxygen under pressure.

Question 16

Partial Rebreather Mask

Answer 16

A face mask and reservoir oxygen bag with no one-way valve to the reservoir bag so that some exhaled air mixes with the oxygen; used in some patients to help preserve carbon dioxide levels in the blood to stimulate breathing.

Question 17

Pocket Face Mask

Answer 17

A device, usually with a one way valve, to aid in artificial ventilation. A rescuer breathes through the valve when the mask is placed over the patient’s face. It also acts as a barrier to prevent contact with the patient’s breath or body fluids. It can be used with supplemental oxygen when fitted with an oxygen inlet.

Question 18

Pressure regulator

Answer 18

A device connected to an oxygen cylinder to reduce cylinder pressure so it is safe for delivery of oxygen to a patient.

Question 19

Pulmonary Respiration

Answer 19

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood in the pulmonary capillaries.

Question 20

Respiration

Answer 20

The diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood (pulmonary respiration) and between the blood and the cells (cellular respiration). Also used to mean, simply, breathing.

Question 21

Respiratory Arrest

Answer 21

When breathing completely stops

Question 22

Respiratory Distress

Answer 22

Increased work of breathing; a sensation of shortness of breath.

Question 23

Respiratory Failure

Answer 23

The reduction of breathing to the point where oxygen intake is not sufficient to support life.

Question 24

Stoma

Answer 24

A permanent surgical opening in the neck through which the patient breathes.

Question 25

Tracheostomy Mask

Answer 25

A device designed to be placed over a stoma or tracheostomy tube to provide supplemental oxygen.

Question 26

Ventilation

Answer 26

Breathing in and out (inhalation and exhalation), or artificial provision of breaths.

Question 27

Venturi Mask

Answer 27

A face mask and reservoir bag device that delivers specific concentrations of oxygen by mixing oxygen with inhaled air.