Chapter 9

Question 1

Friedrich Miester

Answer 1

found nucleic acid from pus

Question 2

Griffith’s experiment

Answer 2

Diplococcus pneumoniae infect bacteria, coat type was cause which is a protein. Absence of it created diseas

Question 3

Avery experiment

Answer 3

“transforming principle”. Using protease created disease. Only DNA was left so it is the genetic material

Question 4

Hershey and Chase

Answer 4

saw viruses inject radioactive DNA into cells

Question 5

Levine

Answer 5

Discovered three parts of the nucleotide, sugar, phosphate and the base

Question 6

Sugar in DNA is called

Answer 6

deoxyribose

Question 7

phosphate group

Answer 7

phosphate group

Question 8

base

Answer 8

A-T

G-C

Question 9

Erwin Chargraff observed

Answer 9

complementary base pairs

Question 10

Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin

Answer 10

indicated DNA is a helix from crystallography

Question 11

Watson and Crick

Answer 11

made the model, helixes are antiparallel

Question 12

5-3

Answer 12

5-3 in opposite directions

Question 13

A gene

Answer 13

segment of DNA, directs RNA to code for protein

Question 14

Histones

Answer 14

wind up DNA to make chromosomes. Unwinds when stuff happens

Question 15

Semiconservative organization

Answer 15

old strand with new strand

Question 16

helicase

Answer 16

unwinds parental DNA strands

Question 17

binding proteins

Answer 17

stabilize separate DNA strands

Question 18

Primase

Answer 18

adds a “primer to the DNA strand”

Question 19

DNA polymerase

Answer 19

binds nucleotides to form new strand

Question 20

DNA ligase

Answer 20

seals up Okazaki fragments and other “nicks”

Question 21

purines have

Answer 21

two rings

Question 22

pyrimidines have

Answer 22

one ring

Question 23

crystallography is like a chandelier because

Answer 23

it bounces light off the molecule. We can guess what the structure is based off of it

Question 24

restriction enzymes

Answer 24

“molecular scissors”

Question 25

agarose gel electrophoresis

Answer 25

separates DNA based by size

Question 26

Gel acts as a sieve

Answer 26

for smaller fragments to travel further

Question 27

DNA fingerprinting

Answer 27

use radioactive probes

Question 28

Enzymes have recognition sequence

Answer 28

cuts DNA molecule at the point

Question 29

Making DNA Visible

Answer 29

dye

Question 30

Reliability of DNA evidence

Answer 30

not certain