Chapter 9

Question 1

Questions may be ____-_____ (respondents supply their own answers) or _____-_____ (they select from a list of answers provided them).

Answer 1

open-ended; closed-ended

Question 2

Usually, _____ items in a questionnaire are better

than long ones

Answer 2

short

Question 3

These items and terms should be avoided
in questionnaires because they may confuse
respondents (hint: acquiescent response set)

Answer 3

Negative (“No” or “Not”)

Question 4

In questionnaire items, this encourages respondents to answer in a particular way to avoid or support a particular point of view. Avoid it.

Answer 4

bias

Question 5

These questions should be answered only by people giving a particular response to some preceding question. This question format is highly useful because it doesn’t ask people questions that have no meaning for them

Answer 5

Contingency questions

Question 6

Questions in which a standardized set of closed-ended response categories are used in answering several questionnaire items

Answer 6

Matrix questions

Question 7

Single indicators of variables may not have sufficiently clear validity to warrant their use. Scales and indexes, solve this problem by including several indicators of a variable in one summary measure. What are these measures known as?

Answer 7

Composite measures (example; a PTSD questionnaire)

Question 8

It is simply whether the test appears (at face value) to measure what it claims to. This is the least sophisticated measure of validity. Tests wherein the purpose is clear, even to naïve respondents, are said to have high ____ validity

Answer 8

Face

Question 9

Once an index or a scale has been constructed, it

is essential that it be _______. One way to do this is pretesting.

Answer 9

validated

Question 10

A measurement technique that is based on the use of standardized response categories (for instance, strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree)

Answer 10

What is the Likert scale

Question 11

Scales and indexes that appear to be reliable and
valid when tested with one culture may not be reliable and valid when used with other cultures. This points to the importance of:

Answer 11

cultural sensitivity

Question 12

________ approaches to measurement are always highly structured, tend to use closed-ended questions primarily, and may be administered in either an interview or questionnaire format, whereas ________ approaches to measurement rely on interviews that are often unstructured and mainly contain open-ended questions and in-depth probes

Answer 12

quantitative; qualitative