Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

intro to business test 2 > chapter 9 > Flashcards

chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

no matter the size of a business, do management principles remain similar?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is job specialization?

A

Dividing tasks into smaller jobs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is departmentalization?

A

Process of setting up individual departments to do

specialized tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is managing change?

A

a critical managerial function, may

require redesigning whole organizational structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what led to economies of scale?

A

Business growth in the 20th century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is economies of scale?

A

refers to companies reducing production costs when purchasing raw materials in bulk & producing large amounts at lower prices (supply side of business)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is economies of scope?

A

focus on the demand side, refers to efficiencies realized via product bundling & family branding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what was fayol’s book called?

A

Administration industrielle et générale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is unity of command? (fayol)

A

each worker is to report to one & only one boss.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is hierarchy of authority? (fayol)

A

all workers should know to whom they report. Managers should have right to give orders & expect subordinates to follow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is division of labour (fayol)

A

functions are to be divided into areas of specialization, like production, marketing & finance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is subordination of individual interests to general interests (fayol)

A

workers are to think of

themselves as a coordinated team.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is authority (fayol)

A

managers have right to give orders & power to enforce obedience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is degree of centralization (Fayol)?

A

amount of decision-making power vested in top mgmt should vary by circumstances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is clear communication channels (Fayol)?

A

all workers should be able to reach others in the firm quickly & easily.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is order (Fayol)?

A

Materials & people should be placed & maintained in proper location.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is equity (fayol)?

A

A manager should treat employees & peers with respect & justice.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is esprit de corps (fayol)?

A

A spirit of pride & loyalty should be created among people in the firm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is weber’s book called?

A

The Theory of Social & Economic Organizations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what did weber study?

A

hierarchy of many

significant historical organizations,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what did weber promote?

A

pyramid-shaped structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what did weber emphasize?

A

principles of bureaucracy:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

according to Henry mintzberg, is there a single structure that will lead to success for all organizations?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are Current trends like in structure of businesses?

A

Current trends are toward smaller, more flexible structures that let companies react more quickly to today’s fast- changing, technologically competitive business climate.

25
Q

when does centralized authority happen?

A

when decision- making(DM) authority is maintained at top level of mgmt at company’s headquarters.

26
Q

when does decentralized authority happen?

A

when DM is delegated to lower-level managers & employees who are more familiar with local conditions than headquarters’ mgmt could be.

27
Q

what are some advantages of centralization?

A

greater top management control
more efficient
simple distribution system
strong brand and corporate image

28
Q

what are disadvantages of centralization?

A

less responsive to customers, less empowerment, conflicts, lower morale away from headquarters

29
Q

what are advantages of decentralized?

A

better adaption to customer wants, more empowerment, faster decision making, higher morale

30
Q

what are disadvantages of decentralization?

A
  • less efficiency
    complex distribution system
    less top management control
    weakened corporate image
31
Q

what is span of control?

A

Refers to the optimum number of subordinates a manager supervises or should supervise.

32
Q

what are two variables of span of control?

A

Capabilities of subordinates & manager

– Complexity of job

33
Q

what are examples of complexity of jobs?

A

Geographically close
• Functional similarity
• Need for coordination

34
Q

what are the two structures of span of control?

A

tall and flat

35
Q

what is departmentalization?

A

dividing an organization into separate units, the traditional way is by function.

36
Q

what is functional structure?

A

grouping of workers into departments based on similar skills, expertise, or resource use.

37
Q

what are some other ways to departmentalize?

A

by product, by function, by customer group, by process, by geographic location

38
Q

what are advantages of departmentalization?

A
  • employees have skills
  • economies of scale by centralizing all resource needs and locating various experts in that area
  • coordination of activity
39
Q

what are disadvantages of departmenralization?

A

Lack of communication
• Employees identify with department goals instead of company
• Slow response to external demands
• Narrow specialists
• May engage in group think (they think alike) which hinders creativity

40
Q

what are the four models of organizational models?

A
  1. line organizations,
  2. line-and-staff organizations,
  3. matrix style organizations
  4. self-managedteams
41
Q

what are advantages of line organizations?

A

Clear authority & responsibility
• Easy to understand
• One supervisor per employee

42
Q

what are disadvantages of line organizations?

A 
• Inflexible
• Few specialists for
advice
• Long line of communication
• Difficult to handle complex decisions
43
Q

why do many organizations have both line and staff personnel?

A

To minimize disadvantages of simple line organizations

44
Q

what is line personnel?

A

Employees who are part of the chain of command that is responsible for achieving organizational goals.

45
Q

what is staff personnel?

A

Employees who advise & assist line personnel in meeting their goals.

46
Q

what is matrix style organizations?

A

Specialists from different parts of organization are brought together to work on specific projects but still remain part of a line-and-staff structure.

47
Q

what are cross functional self managed teams?

A

groups of employees from different departments who work together on a long-term basis

48
Q

what is networking?

A

Using communications technology & other means to link organizations & allow them to work together on common objectives.

49
Q

what are virtual organizations?

A

linked via network & interact in real time

50
Q

is virtual organization structure flexible and responsive?

A

yes

51
Q

what is benchmarking?

A

Comparing an organization’s practices, processes & products against the world’s best.

52
Q

what are core competencies?

A

functions that a company can do as well as or better than other companies worldwide.

53
Q

what is restructuring?

A

Redesigning an organization so that it can more effectively & efficiently serve its customers.

54
Q

how would restructuring for empowerment look like?

A

empowered front line workers then support personnel then top management

55
Q

what is total quality management (TQM)

A

Striving for maximum customer satisfaction: by ensuring quality from all departments.

56
Q

what is continuous improvement?

A

constantly improving the way an organization operates so that customer needs can be satisfied.

57
Q

what is re engineering?

A

fundamental rethinking & radical redesign of organizational processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical measures of performance

58
Q

what is grapevine?

A

Human side of an organization, systems that develop spontaneously

59
Q

what are examples of informal group norms?

A

Do your job, but don’t produce more than the rest of the group.
• Don’t tell off-colour jokes or use profane language among group
members.
• Listen to the boss & use his/her expertise, but don’t trust him/her.

intro to business test 2 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions