chapter 8 Flashcards
how must managers practice art of getting things done?
via organizational resources.
what are resources incorporates?
human resources (employees)
– natural resources (raw materials)
– financial resources (money)
what is management?
process used to accomplish organizational goals through PDOC
what is PDOC?
Planning (defining)
• Directing (leading)
• Organizing (resources)
• Controlling (evaluating people & other organizational resources)
what is planning?
A mgmt function that includes anticipating trends & determining best strategies & tactics to achieve organizational GOPST
what is GOPST (planning)?
Goals, Objectives, Plans, Strategies & Tactics.
what is directing (PDOC)
Creating a vision for the organization & guiding, training, coaching & motivating employees to work effectively to achieve organization’s goal & objectives.
what is organizing (PDOC)?
A mgmt function that includes designing the structure of the organization & creating conditions & systems in which everyone & everything works together to achieve the organization’s goals & objectives
what is controlling (PDOC)?
Involves establishing clear standards to determine whether an organization is progressing toward its goals & objectives
• Rewarding people for doing a good job
• Taking corrective action if they are not
what is vision in planning?
more than a goal; it’s an encompassing explanation of why the organization exists & where it’s trying to head- provides company a sense of purpose
what are values in planning?
are a set of fundamental beliefs that guide a business in decisions
what is a mission statement In planning?
is an outline of the organization’s fundamental purposes.
what are goals in planning?
are broad, long-term accomplishments an organization wishes to attain – usually expressed in terms of measurable objectives.
what are objectives in planning?
are specific, short-term statements detailing how to achieve company goals.
what are plans in planning?
are ordered sequences of strategies a company uses to achieve each objective – plans always have a time element.
when planning and creating a vision, what is SWOT?
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats
what Is strengths in SWOT?
how can strengths be used and capitalized on
what are weaknesses in SWOT?
how can weaknesses be improved
what are opportunities in SWOT?
how can opportunities be exploited
what are threats in SWOT?
how can threats be mitigated
what do strengths and weaknesses have in common?
things within company control
what do opportunities and threats have in common?
things outside company’s control,
things you have to find information about to act on.
what are the questions of planning?
1) What is the situation now?
2) Where do we want to go?
3) How can we get there from here?
what is strategic planning?
process of outlining how company will meet its objectives & goals
what does strategic planning set foundations for?
policies, procedures & strategies for obtaining & using resources to achieve those goals
what is tactical planning?
process of developing detailed, short-term statements - what is to be done, by whom & how
what is operational planning?
process of setting work standards & schedules needed to implement company’s objectives.
what does operational planning define?
specific responsibilities of supervisors, department managers & individual employees
what is contingency planning?
process of preparing alternative courses of action
in contingency planning, if primary plan is not met because if economic and competitive envrironments changing what does contingency planing do?
fall on alternative planning
what is crisis planning?
involves reacting to sudden changes in the environment.
why is crisis planning hard for medium sized and smaller companies?
due to fewer resources.
In decision making, what are some alternatives?
- Define the situation
- Describe & collect needed information
- Develop alternatives
- Decide which alternative is best
what is problem solving?
process of solving everyday problems that occur.
how does problem solving differ from Dm?
less formal and quicker action
what are some problem solving techniques?
brainstorming and PMI
what is brainstorming?
enerate many solutions, no censoring of
ideas
what is PMI?
pluses for a solution in one column
• minuses in another, and the • interesting in a third column.
How does the organizing pyramid work?
top management (pres, vise), middle management (branch managers) supervisory management, nonsupervisory (employees)
what skills do top managers need?
technical skills, human relations skills (second most) conceptual skills (the most)
what skills do middle managers need?
technical skills human relations skills, conceptual skills are equal
what skills do first line managers need?
technical (the most), human relations (second most), conceptual
what do stakeholders include?
customers, employees, suppliers, dealers, environmental groups & surrounding communities.
are smaller organizations more responsive than larger organizations?
yes that is why large firms are being restructured into smaller more customer focused units
can a person be a good manager but not a good leader or vise versa?
yes
leaders are motivated by which values?
intrinsic values needs, desires, motive & will power,
what are extrinsic values (leading)?
rewards and recognition
what does being a successful leader mean?
- Vision
- Communicate
- Corporate Values & Ethics
- Don’t Fear Change
what is autocratic leadership?
Close supervision
– effective style in emergencies & when absolute “followership” is
needed—fighting fires
what is participative leadership?
Democratic
– Employee participation in decisions may not always increase effectiveness, but it usually increases job satisfaction.
what is free rein leadership?
issez-faire
– In organizations where managers deal with doctors, engineers, or other
professionals, often this is most successful leadership style
what is knowledge management?
Finding the right information, keeping information in a readily accessible place & making information known to everyone in firm.
what are the first two steps of controlling?
- Establishing clear performance standards (specific, attainable, measurable).
- Monitoring & recording actual performance (customer feedback from internal & external sources)
what are the last 3 steps of controlling?
- Comparing results against plans & standards.
- Communicating results & deviations to employees involved.
- Taking corrective action when needed & providing positive feedback.
