Chapter 8- Volume 1 Flashcards
Morals
Social, religious, or personal standards of right and wrong
Ethics
The rules or standards that govern the conduct of members of a particular group or profession
Also known as moral philosophy
Ethical relativism
Each person must decide how to behave and whatever decision that person makes is OK
Deontological method
People should just fulfill their duties
Consequentialism
Actions can be judged as good or bad only after we know the consequences of those actions
What are some ethical codes
Honesty, objectivity, integrity, carefulness , openness, Legality, Confidentiality, responsible publication, responsible mentoring, respect for colleagues, social responsibility, not discrimination, competence, respect for intellectual property, and human subjects protection.
Beneficence
The principle of doing good for the patient
Nonmaleficence
The obligation not to harm the patient
Primum non nocere
First, do no harm
Autonomy
A competent adult patient’s right to determine what happens to his own body
Justice
The obligation to treat all patients fairly
What is the approach to ethical decision making?
Identify the problem and list the possible actions to take
Test one action
State it in universal form
List the immediate and long-term implications of taking that action
Compare those implications with relevant values
If implications are consistent with relevant values, conclude that the action( at Least provisionally) is ethically valid
If implications are inconsistent with relevant values, reject that action
Test other actions
If no action is ethically valid, reconsider and test again
What are some quick ways to test ethics?
Impartiality test, universalizability test, interpersonal justifiably test
