Chapter 8: Vocal music Flashcards
What is a concertato madrigal?
The combination of voices of any number with instruments, either basso continuo alone or basso continuo and other instruments
Who was Claudio Monteverdi?
He was a composer that published his madrigals in nine books. These books summarized the main trends of the early baroque period.
Basso continuo only appeared in book 5
Who was Giovanni Maria Artusi?
He was an italian composer and theorist that attacked Monteverdi’s treatment of dissonance in his fifth book of madrigals.
What was “the Artusi; or, on the imperfections of modern music”
A pamphlet written by Giovanni Maria Artusi that spelled out his objections to Monteverdi’s madrigals in detail.
How did Monteverdi respond to Artusi’s criticisms?
He placed “Cruda Amarilli” at the beginning of book five, which defended his music saying that the second prattica had it’s own approach to consonance and dissonance
What is ground bass?
A short phrase repeated over and over again in teh lowest voice
What is an arietta?
A “small aria” or song
What is a ritornello?
An opening musical idea that returns at several points over the course of a work, usually after contrasting material of some kind
What did french academicians of the late 16th century seek to do?
They sought to recreate the magical powers of ancient music, but in a manner suited to the qualities of the French language
What was the most important repertory of secular sing in the early 17th century?
The air de cour (“courtly air”)
How was the air de cour similar to the madrigal?
It started off polyphonic but eventually evolved into the favored vehicle for solo and lute accompaniment
What was the main form of french musical theatre?
The ballet de cour
What was the ballet de cour?
It combined dance song and instrumental music. Featured classical mythology and chivalric romances, theinly veiled commentaries on recent events at court with heroes meant to be Louis XIV
What were some components of a tragedie en musique?
- French overture: slow introduction with dotted rhythms, followed by a fast imitative section
- five acts, all sung and divided into different scenes
- divertissements (interludes) to display dance, choral song and instrumental “symphonies”
What was opera seria?
Serious opera
