Chapter 8 Vocabulary (Textbook)

Question 1

authoritarianism

Answer 1

A political system in which a small group of individuals exercises power over the state without being constitutionally responsible to the public

Question 2

clientelism

Answer 2

A process whereby the state co-opts members of the public by providing specific benefits or favors to a single person or a small group in return for public support

Question 2

bureaucratic authoritarianism

Answer 2

A system in which the state bureaucracy and the military share a belief that a technocratic leadership, focused on rational, objective, and technical expertise, can solve the problems of the country without public participation

Question 3

corporatism

Answer 3

A method of co-optation whereby authoritarian systems create or sanction a limited number of organizations to represent the interests of the public and restrict those not set up or approved by the state

Question 4

nondemocratic regime

Answer 4

A political regime that is controlled by a small group of individuals who exercise power over the state without being constitutionally responsible to the public

Question 4

kleptocracy

Answer 4

“Rule by theft” where those in power seek only to drain that state of assets and resources

Question 5

illiberal regime

Answer 5

A regime where democratic institutions that rest on the rule of law are weakly institutionalized and poorly respected

Question 6

patrimonialism

Answer 6

An arrangement whereby a rule depends on a collection of supporters within the state who gain direct benefits in return for enforcing the ruler’s will

Question 7

rent seeking

Answer 7

A process in which political leaders essentially rent out parts of the state to their patrons, who as a result control public goods that would otherwise be distributed in a nonpolitical manner

Question 7

populism

Answer 7

A political view that does not have a consistent ideological foundation, but that emphasizes hostility towards elites and established state and economic institutions and favors greater power in the hands of the public

Question 8

resource curse

Answer 8

Theory of development in which the existence of natural resources in a given state is a barrier to modernization and democracy

Question 9

totalitarianism

Answer 9

A nondemocratic regime that is highly centralized, possessing some form of strong ideology that seeks to transform and absorb fundamental aspects of state, society, and the economy, using a wide array of institutions