Chapter 3 Vocabulary (Textbook)

Question 1

Society

Answer 1

complex human organization. people bound by shared instutions that dictate morals

Question 2

Ethnic identity/ ethnicity

Answer 2

instutions bind people through common culture language, religion, customs. appearence, history
• specific attributes that make population different
- ascriptive and not inherienti political

Question 3

National Identity

Answer 3

a sense of belonging to a nation and a belief in
its polltical asperations
- often derived from ethnic identity
- inherently politiral
• the basis for nationalism

Question 4

Nationalism

Answer 4

• a sense of pride in one ‘s people.
  belief that they have a unique political destiny

Question 5

Citizenship

Answer 5

• individuals relation to the state: citizens swear alligiante and the state in turn provides certain benifits or rights (basis of)

Question 6

Patriotism

Answer 6

pride in one’s political system and seek to defend or promote it

Question 7

Nation-state

Answer 7

• soverign
  state encom passing one
  dominant nation that it claims to embody and represent

Question 8

Ethnic Conflict

Answer 8

• conflicts between ethnic groups in a struggle to achieve political or economic goals at each others expense

Question 9

National Conflict

Answer 9

• seek to gain (or prevent) sovereignty, autonomy, independence (violence is common)

Question 10

Political attitude

Answer 10

Views regarding balance between freedom and equality

Question 11

Radicals

Answer 11

• believe in dramatic. often revolutionary change of the existing political, social, economic order
• believe the system is broken and cannot be fixed
• does not believe in slow evolutionary change
• willing to use violence

Question 12

Liberals

Answer 12

• favor evolutionary
  change
• progressive change can occur within the system (overthrow is not needed)
• change must occur slowly

Question 13

Conservatives

Answer 13

• question wheater any significant change is necessary
• question wheather any change is necessary or benifical

Question 14

Reactionaries

Answer 14

seek to restore political, social, and economic instutions (reverting to previous regimel
- willing to use violence

Question 15

Political ideologies

Answer 15

• sets of political idealogies neld by individuals reard. less of fundamental goals of politics
  • proper involvement of the government

Question 16

Liberalism

Answer 16

• high priority on individual political and
  economic freedom
• state with limited degree of autonomy

Question 17

Liberal democracy

Answer 17

• system of political, social, and economic liberities, supported by competition. participation, and contestation (voting)

Question 18

Communism

Answer 18

• rejects the idea that personal freedom will ensure prosperity for the majority
• small group domimates market and state.
• powerful state in tems of autonomy and capacity

Question 19

Social democracy (socialism)

Answer 19

• strong role of private
  ownership and market
  ownerShip with emphasis on economic canality
• strong capacity and
  autonomy

Question 20

Fascism

Answer 20

• hostile to the idea of freedom and equality
• rigid superiority 1
  inferiority (hierachy)
• high autonomy and capacity

Question 21

Anarchism

Answer 21

A political ideology that stresses the elimination of the state and private property as a way to achieve both freedom and equality for all.

Question 22

Fundamentalism

Answer 22

seek to unite religion withthe state or make faith the soverign authority

Question 23

Culture

Answer 23

• content of the instutions that helps define a society

Question 24

Political Culture

Answer 24

• socital norms for political activity