Chapter 8 Transport in Animals Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the need for specialised transport systems in animals?

A
  • metabolic demands are HIGH
  • SA:V ratio is LOW
  • molecules (like hormones) need transporting from where they are produced to where they are needed
  • food, digested - needs transporting to cells (cells metabolism)
  • waste products of metabolism - removed from cells - transported to excretory organs
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2
Q

Types of circulatory systems (2)?

A

OPEN and CLOSED

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3
Q

3 KEY features of a MASS TRANSPORT SYSTEM?

A

(1) liquid transport medium (circulates around systems)

(2) vessels (carrying transport medium)

(3) pumping mechanism - to move the transport medium

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4
Q

OPEN circulatory systems??

A
  • transport medium pumped straight from the heart to body cavity (HAEMOCOEL)
  • transport medium is under LOW pressure
  • comes into direct contact with tissues and cells
    (exchange takes place here)
  • returns to the heart through an open-ended vessel
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5
Q

OPEN circulatory systems in invertebrates??

A
  • gas exchange through the tracheal system
  • transport medium - haemolymph
    (only carries food and nitrogenous waste)
  • body cavity is split by a membrane
  • the heart extends along the length of the thorax and abdomen
  • haemolymph circulates but a steep diffusion gradient CANNOT be maintained for efficient diffusion
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6
Q
A
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