Chapter 8 The Nervous System Flashcards
Forms the cerebrospinal fluid
Choroidplexus
Type of neuron; has a single process emerging from cell body; axon functions unique
Unipolar neuron
Protective membranes that surround the brain
Meninges
Central nervous system helper cells; astrocytes are one
Neuroglia
Encloses the third ventricle of the brain; acts as a relay station
Thalamus
Also called the voluntary nervous system
Somatic division
line the central cavities of brain and spinal cord
Ependymal
Type of matter that consists of mostly unmyelinated fibers
Gray matter
Collection of spinal nerves; term meaning “horse’s tail”
Caudaequina
Produce fats insulating coverings in the central nervous system
Oligodendrocytes
Cells that form myelin sheaths in peripheral nervous system
Schwann cells
Elevated ridges of brain tissue
Gyri
Motor division of PNS that conveys impulses from the central nervous system to muscles and glands
Efferent division
Most common type of neuron
Multipolar neuron
Most superior pat of brain
Cerebrum
Metabolic center of neuron
Cell body
Function of nervous system that processes and interprets sensory information
Integration
Type of matter that consists of dense myelinated fibers
White matter
The inward rush of sodium ions in a neuron causes this event
Depolarization
Spider-like phagocytes disposing of debris in central-nervous system
Microglia
Bundles of nerve fibers running through the peripheral nervous system
Nerves
Specialized speech area of the brain
Broca’s area
Tiny gap that separates axon-terminal from the next neuron
Synapse
The “all or nothing” response of a nerve
Nerve impulse
Rounded structure below the midbrain; important in breathing control
Pons
Parts of neuron that convey incoming messages to the cell body
Dendrites
Bundle of nerve fibers
Fascicle
Part of a neuron that conveys incoming message away from the cell body
Axon
Abbreviation for nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord
CNS
nervous system division that includes the sympathetic and parasympathetic
Autonomic division
Tough fibrous sheath around the whole nerve
Epineurium
Reflexes that occur all over the body including the central and peripheral nervous system
Reflex arc
Bundles of nerve fibers running through the central nervous system
Tracts
Term meaning “neuron husk”
Neurilemma
Type of neuron; rare-in adults; consists of axon and dendrite
Bipolar neuron
Star-shaped cells; half of all neural tissue; mop-up leaked potassium ions in brain
Astrocytes
Functional division of PNS that conveys impulses to the central nervous system from sensory receptor
Afferent division
Abbreviation for nervous system that includes the nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord
PNS
