Chapter 8 test Flashcards
Small amount of solute with a large amount of solvent
Dilute
Measures the amount of solute dissolved in a given quantity of a solvent
Concentration
Large amount of solute with a similar amount of solvent
Concentrated
The number of moles of solute per liter of solution
Molarity
A homogeneous mixture made up of a solvent and a solute
Solution
The substance doing of the dissolving. Example. Water in Kool-Aid
Solvent
The substance being dissolved. Example sugar and Kool-Aid.
Solute
The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a certain amount of solvent at a given temperature
Solubility
How fast the substance dissolves
Rate of solution
A solution that has dissolved in it all the solute that it can normally hold. Example towel all wet but not dripping
Saturated solution
A solution that has less solute then I can hold at a certain temperature and pressure. Example towel partially wet and dry
Unsaturated solution
A solution that has more solvent and then his present in their saturated state. Example towel all wet and dripping
Supersaturated solution
A compound that produces H30 in water
Acid
A compound that produces OH in the water
Base
A scale used to describe the concentration of H30 ions
PH
A solution that resist change in pH
Buffer
Indicates an acid or base
Indicator
Can be both an acid and a base
Amphoteric
A substance that ionizes or dissossitates into ions when dissolved in water
Electrolyte
What are three properties of bases? are they acceptors or donors?
Slippery. Bitter. Turns red litmus paper blue.
Acceptors
Name three properties of acids. Are they donors or acceptors?
Sour. Reacts with metal. Turns blue litmus paper red.
Donors
How do you know if an acid or base is strong or weak? (Not PH)
If that ionizes or dissossitates completely or partially in water
What is pH a measure of
Hydronium (H3O+) Ion concentration in water
What is the pH scale? Where is a strong base and a strong acid found on the scale?
Something that describes how acidic or basic something is. 14 is a high base and 1 is a high acid
What is the unit used to measure a solutions OH or H concentration
Molarity
What is the relationship between the OH & H concentration in a solution
The stronger the H concentration to lower the OH concentration and vice versa
What a strong base have a low or high H concentration and what a strong acid have a lower high OH concentration
Strong base would have a low H concentration. A strong acid would have a low OH concentration
What a strong acid have a weak or strong conjugate base
Weak
What types of solutions make the best electrolytes
Strong acids and bases
What are the products one acids and bases react? What type of reaction is this
Salt and water. Neutralization or double replacement
What makes up a solution what are their roles
Solute - what gets dissolved
Solvent - what does the dissolving
What are three things that you could do to increase the rate of dissolving the salt in the solvent
One. Increase the temperature
Two. Increase the energy
Three. Decrease size of the solid
How would increasing the temperature affect the solubility of N2 in a solvent? Why
It would decrease the solubility because N2 is already a gas.
What property effects the solubility of a gas-liquid solution, but has no impact on a solid-liquid solution? And how does this impact of the solution?
Pressure
As the pressure increases, the solubility increases also
What happens when strong acids or strong bases dissolve in water?
It ionizes or dissossitates almost completely
