Chapter 8 Sections 1,3,4 Flashcards
Diamond
A crystalline form of carbon in which each carbon atom is bonded strongly to four other carbon atoms
Graphite
a gray, crystalline, allotropic form of carbon that occurs as a mineral in some rocks
Fullerene
Carbon atoms in the shape of a hollow sphere
Nanotube
Carbon atoms arranged in the shape of a long, hollow cylinder
Protein
a nutrient found in food (as meat, milk, eggs, and beans) that is made up of many amino acids joined together, is a necessary part of the diet
Amino acid
A monomer that is a building block of proteins
Plastic
Synthetic polymers that can be molded or shaped (very common products)
Composite
This combines two or more substances in a new material with different properties
Carbohydrate
An energy-rich organic compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Glucose
One of the most important sugars in your body
Complex carbohydrate
A polymer made of smaller molecules that are simple carbohydrates bonded to one another
Starch
Plants store energy in the form of this complex carbohydrate
Cellulose
Plants build strong stems and roots with this complex carbohydrate
Lipid
Energy-rich compounds made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen
Fatty acid
Each fat or oil is made from three…
Cholesterol
A waxy substance found in all animal cells
Nucleic acid
Very large organic molecules made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus
DNA
A material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information
RNA
a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins
Nucleotide
The building blocks of nucleic acids
