chapter 8 (quantitative data analysis)

Question 1

pre-coded

Answer 1

aka closed question. numerical code has already been pre-assigned to each of the predetermined answers (no need for coding frame).

Question 2

kendall’s tau-b

Answer 2

test of strength of relationship between two ordinal variables.

Question 3

cramer’s v

Answer 3

statistical measure used to assess the strength of the relationship between two nominal variables. ranges from 0-1. always positive because nominal categories cannot be rank ordered (values can’t go up or down).

Question 4

eta

Answer 4

test of strength of relationship between two variables. independent is usually nominal variables, dependent must be interval or ratio variable. ranges from 0-1 because one variable is nominal (no rank ordering).

Question 5

chi-square test

Answer 5

test of statistical significance used to establish confidence that a finding displayed in a contingency table can be generalized from a probability sample to the population from which it is drawn.

Question 6

statistical significance

Answer 6

test (ex chi-square) that allows analysis to estimate the probability that the results of a study of a randomly selected sample are generalizable to the population from which the sample was drawn.

Question 7

intervening variable

Answer 7

variable that is affected by another variable and in turn has a causal impact on a third. taking an intervening variable into account often facilitates the understanding of the relationship between two variables.

Question 8

interview schedule

Answer 8

collection of questions designed to be asked by an interviewer. always used in structured interview.

Question 9

observation schedule

Answer 9

a device used in structured observation that specifies the categories of behaviour that are to be observed and gives instructions on how behaviour should be allocated to those categories.

Question 10

coding frame

Answer 10

list of the codes to be used in the analysis of a particular set of data. for answers to a structured interview schedule or questionnaire, the coding frame delineates the categories used for each open question. with closed questions the coding frame is essentially incorporated into the fixed answers from which respondents must choose; hence term pre-coded.

Question 11

spearman’s rho

Answer 11

measure of strength and direction of the relationship between two ordinal variables. called a rank correlation coefficient.