Chapter 8: Physical Disorders and Health Psychology Flashcards
bulimia nervosa
Eating disorder involving recurrent episodes of uncontrolled excessive (binge) eating followed by compensatory actions to remove the food (for example,
deliberate vomiting, laxative abuse, and excessive exercise).
binge
Relatively brief episode of uncontrolled, excessive consumption, usually of food or alcohol.
anorexia nervosa
Eating disorder characterized by recurrent food refusal, leading to dangerously low body weight.
binge-eating disorder (BED)
Pattern of eating involving distress-inducing binges not followed by purging behaviors; being considered as a new DSM diagnostic category.
obesity
Excess of body fat resulting in a body mass index (BMI, a ratio of weight to height) of 30 or more.
purging techniques
In the eating disorder bulimia nervosa, the self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse used to compensate for excessive food ingestion.
night eating syndrome
Consuming a third or more of daily food intake after the evening meal and getting out of bed at least once during the night to have a high-calorie snack. In the morning, however, individuals with night eating syndrome are not hungry and do not usually eat breakfast. These individuals do not binge during their night eating and seldom
purge.
bariatric surgery
Surgical approach to extreme obesity, usually accomplished by stapling the stomach to create a small stomach pouch or
bypassing the stomach through gastric bypass surgery.
rapid eye movement (REM) sleep
Periodic intervals of sleep during which the eyes move rapidly from side to side, and dreams occur, but
the body is inactive.
dyssomia
Problems in getting to sleep or in obtaining sufficient quality sleep.
parasomia
Abnormal behaviors such as nightmares or sleepwalking that occur during sleep.
polysomnographic evaluation
Assessment of sleep disorders in which a client sleeping in
the lab is monitored for heart, muscle, respiration, brain wave, and other functions.
actigraph
Small electronic device that is worn on the wrist like a watch and records body movements. This device can be used to record sleep–wake cycles.
sleep deficiency (SE)
Percentage of time actually spent sleeping of the total time spent in bed.
microsleeps
Short, seconds-long periods of sleep that occur in people who have been deprived of sleep.
insomnia disorder
Condition in which insufficient sleep interferes with normal functioning.
primary insomnia
Difficulty in initiating, maintaining, or gaining from sleep; not related to other medical or psychological problems.
rebound insomnia
In a person with insomnia, the worsened sleep problems that can occur when medications are used to treat insomnia and then withdrawn.
hypersolemnolence disorder
Sleep dysfunction involving an excessive amount of sleep that disrupts normal routines.
sleep apnea
Disorder involving brief periods when breathing ceases during sleep.
nacrolepsy
Sleep disorder involving sudden and irresistible sleep attacks.
breathing related sleep disorders
Sleep disruption leading to excessive sleepiness or
insomnia, caused by a breathing problem such as interrupted (sleep apnea) or labored (hypoventilation) breathing.
circadian rhythm sleep disorder
Sleep disturbances resulting in sleepiness or insomnia,
caused by the body’s inability to synchronize
its sleep patterns with the current pattern of
day and night.
nightmares
Frightening and anxiety-provoking dreams occurring during rapid eye movement sleep. The individual recalls the bad dreams and recovers alertness and orientation quickly.
disorder of arousal
Category of sleep disorder during NREM sleep that includes sleepwalking and sleep terrors.
sleep terrors
Episodes of apparent awakening from sleep, accompanied by signs of panic, followed by disorientation and amnesia for the incident. These occur during nonrapid eye movement sleep and so do not involve frightening dreams.
sleepwalking (somnambulism)
Parasomnia that involves leaving the bed during nonrapid eye movement sleep. See also somnambulism.
