Chapter 8 Part 1 Flashcards
What are four differences between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell
Prokaryotes are:
older (3 Billion Years) vs 2 Billion
unicellular
No organelles
1/10 the size of eukaryotic
What is the purpose of a nucleus?
Hold and protect DNA
Describe the form and function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
Smooth and Rough
Smooth site of lipid and carbohydrate production
Rough (due to ribosomes) - site of protein production
Why do cells need a golgi body?
To refine the characteristics of a protein. Adds sugar molecules to specific amino acids of the folded protein.
Why do eurkaryotic cells need a cytoskeleton? Give an example.
To help the cell maintain its shape and for movement.
Pseudopods of an amoeba engulfing a paramecium.
What is the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane
The cell membrane is like a mosaic - the lipid bilayer has molecules of proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates populating the surface.
What is the role of a lysosome?
Endocytose foreign material or malfunctioning organelles and digests them.
Why do plant cells need cell walls?
The cells walls of plants prevent the cell from exploding due to the influx of water. The cell walls provide support for the plant.
Why do plants need mitochondria if they can make their own food?
Once the food is made, the cell needs energy for activities such as growth and repair. This energy is produced by the mitochondria (remember the formula for respiration)
What is the opposite of respiration?
Photosynthesis
