Cards 1-10

Question 1

How can the sequence of amino acids define the function of a protein?

Answer 1

The sequence of amino acids defines the primary structure of a protein. The primary sequence creates local interactions called secondary structures (eg alpha helix and beta sheet). The protein folds up into a tertiary structure based upon the interactions of secondary structure. The tertiary structure of the protein defines the protein’s function.

Question 2

How does a protein’s shape define its function? Use an enzyme as the basis of your explanation.

Answer 2

The reactants (called the substrate) must fit into the enzyme (a region called the active site) for products to be created. If the reactants don’t fit – no reaction.

Question 3

How does an enzyme lower a reaction’s energy of activation?

Answer 3

The enzyme places the substrates into perfect register with each other to significantly increase the probability that they will interact.

Question 4

List the 4 types of macromolecules

Answer 4

Proteins

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Nucleic Acids

Question 5

The monomers of a polysaccharide are called___ and the monomers of a protein are called ___.

Answer 5

The monomers of a polysaccharide are called monosaccharides and the monomers of a protein are called amino acids.

Question 6

The following reaction is an example of a ____ reaction. This is the opposite of ____.

Answer 6

The following reaction is an example of a dehydration reaction. This is the opposite of hydrolysis.

Question 7

What is the function of carbohydrates and give an example of each?

Answer 7

Energy storage (glucose) and physical support (cellulose) (this is what you burn as firewood)

Question 8

Which atoms represent the majority of the atoms in macromolecules.

Answer 8

CHO

Question 9

What is the function of lipids?

Answer 9

Long term storage, protection, maintaining a constant body temperature

Question 10

List 4 types of lipids

Answer 10

Phospholipids

Waxes

Steroids

Fats