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Ap psych > Chapter 8-motivation and emotion > Flashcards

Chapter 8-motivation and emotion Flashcards

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1
Q

motivation

A

process by which activities are stated directed and continued so that physical or psychological needs or wants are met

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2
Q

extrinsic motivation

A

person performs an action because it leads to an outcome that is separate from or external to the person

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3
Q

intrinsic motivation

A

person performs an action because the act itself is rewarding or satisfying in some internal manner

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4
Q

instincts

A

biologically determined and innate patterns of behavior that exist in people and animals

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5
Q

instinct approach

A

approach to motivation that assumes people are governed by instincts to those of animals

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6
Q

need

A

requirement of some material that is essential for survival of the organism

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7
Q

drive

A

psychological tension and physical arousal arising when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fufill the need and reduce the tension

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8
Q

drive-reduction theory

A

assumes behavior arises from physiological needs that cause jnternal drives to push the organism to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal

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9
Q

primary druves

A

those drives that involve needs of the body such as hunger and thirst

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10
Q

accquired secondary drives

A

learned through experience or conditioning such as need for koney or social approval

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11
Q

homeostasis

A

tendency of body to maintain steady state

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12
Q

need for achievement

A

strong desire to succeed attaining goals not only realistic ones but also challenging ones

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13
Q

need for affilitation

A

need for friendly social interactions and relationships with others

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14
Q

need for power

A

need to have control or influence over others

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15
Q

stimulus motive

A

appears to be unlearned causes an increase in stimulation such as curiosity

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16
Q

arousal theory

A

theory of motivation in which people are said to have an optimal level on tension that they seek to maintain by increasing or decreasing stimulation

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17
Q

yerkes dodson law

A

performance is related to arousal, moderate levels of arousal lead to better performance that do levels of arousal that are too low or too high. effect varies of level of task. easy tasks require high moderate level whereas difficult tasks require low moderate level

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18
Q

sensation seeker

A

someone who needs more arousal than average person

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19
Q

incentives

A

things that attract or lure people into action

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20
Q

incentive approaches

A

theories of motivation in which behavior is explained as a response to the external stimulus and its rewarding properties

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21
Q

expectancy-value theories

A

assume actions of humans cannot be predicted or fully understood w out understanding beliefs , values and importance that a person attaches to those beliefs and values at any given moment in time

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22
Q

self actualization

A

according to maslow the point thay is seldom reached at which people have sufficiently satisfied the lower needs and achieved their full human potential

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23
Q

peak expiriences

A

maslow said times in a persons life during which self-actualization is temporarily achieved

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24
Q

self determination theory

A

theory of human motivation in which social context of an action has an effect on type of motivation existing for the action

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25
Q

insulin

A

hormone secreted by the pancreas to control levels of fat proteins and carbohydrates in body by reducing level of glucose in the bloodstream

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26
Q

glucagons

A

hormones secreted by pancreas to control levels of fats proteins and carbohydrates in the body by increasing level of glucose in bloodstream

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27
Q

weigh set point

A

particular level of weight that body tries to maintain

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28
Q

basal metabolic rate

A

rate at which body burns energy when organism is resting

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29
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

condition in which a person reduces eating to the point that a weight loss of 15 % below the ideal body weight or more occurs

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30
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

person develops a cycle of binging or overeating enormous amounts of food at one sitting and then using unhealthy methods to avoid weight gain

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31
Q

emotion

A

feeling aspect of consciousness a characterized by a certain physical arousal a certain behavior that reveals the emotion to the outside world and an inner awreness of feelings

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32
Q

display rules

A

learning ways of controlling displays of emotion in social settings

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33
Q

james lange theory of emotion

A

physiological reaction leads to the labeling if an emotion

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34
Q

cannon-bard theory of emotion

A

physiological reaction and the emotion are assumed to occur at the same time

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35
Q

cognitive arousal theory

A

both physical arousal and labeling of arousal based on cues from environment must occur before emotion os experienced

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36
Q

facial feedback hypothesis

A

assumes facial expressions provide feedback to the brain concerning the emotion being expressed which in thrn causes and intensifies emotion

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37
Q

cognitive meditational theory

A

stimulus must be interpreted (appraised) by a person in order to result in a physical response and an emotional reaction

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38
Q

positive psychology movement

A

viewpoint that recommends shifting the focus of psychology away from the negative aspects to a more positive focus on strengths well being and pursuit of happiness.

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39
Q

instinct approach

A

approach to motivation that assumes people are governed by instincts to those of animals

How well did you know this?
1
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2
3
4
5
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40
Q

need

A

requirement of some material that is essential for survival of the organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
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41
Q

drive

A

psychological tension and physical arousal arising when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fufill the need and reduce the tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

drive-reduction theory

A

assumes behavior arises from physiological needs that cause jnternal drives to push the organism to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

primary druves

A

those drives that involve needs of the body such as hunger and thirst

44
Q

accquired secondary drives

A

learned through experience or conditioning such as need for koney or social approval

45
Q

homeostasis

A

tendency of body to maintain steady state

46
Q

need for achievement

A

strong desire to succeed attaining goals not only realistic ones but also challenging ones

47
Q

need for affilitation

A

need for friendly social interactions and relationships with others

48
Q

need for power

A

need to have control or influence over others

49
Q

stimulus motive

A

appears to be unlearned causes an increase in stimulation such as curiosity

50
Q

arousal theory

A

theory of motivation in which people are said to have an optimal level on tension that they seek to maintain by increasing or decreasing stimulation

51
Q

yerkes dodson law

A

performance is related to arousal, moderate levels of arousal lead to better performance that do levels of arousal that are too low or too high. effect varies of level of task. easy tasks require high moderate level whereas difficult tasks require low moderate level

52
Q

sensation seeker

A

someone who needs more arousal than average person

53
Q

incentives

A

things that attract or lure people into action

54
Q

incentive approaches

A

theories of motivation in which behavior is explained as a response to the external stimulus and its rewarding properties

55
Q

expectancy-value theories

A

assume actions of humans cannot be predicted or fully understood w out understanding beliefs , values and importance that a person attaches to those beliefs and values at any given moment in time

56
Q

self actualization

A

according to maslow the point thay is seldom reached at which people have sufficiently satisfied the lower needs and achieved their full human potential

57
Q

peak expiriences

A

maslow said times in a persons life during which self-actualization is temporarily achieved

58
Q

self determination theory

A

theory of human motivation in which social context of an action has an effect on type of motivation existing for the action

59
Q

insulin

A

hormone secreted by the pancreas to control levels of fat proteins and carbohydrates in body by reducing level of glucose in the bloodstream

60
Q

glucagons

A

hormones secreted by pancreas to control levels of fats proteins and carbohydrates in the body by increasing level of glucose in bloodstream

61
Q

weigh set point

A

particular level of weight that body tries to maintain

62
Q

basal metabolic rate

A

rate at which body burns energy when organism is resting

63
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

condition in which a person reduces eating to the point that a weight loss of 15 % below the ideal body weight or more occurs

64
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

person develops a cycle of binging or overeating enormous amounts of food at one sitting and then using unhealthy methods to avoid weight gain

65
Q

emotion

A

feeling aspect of consciousness a characterized by a certain physical arousal a certain behavior that reveals the emotion to the outside world and an inner awreness of feelings

66
Q

display rules

A

learning ways of controlling displays of emotion in social settings

67
Q

james lange theory of emotion

A

physiological reaction leads to the labeling if an emotion

68
Q

cannon-bard theory of emotion

A

physiological reaction and the emotion are assumed to occur at the same time

69
Q

cognitive arousal theory

A

both physical arousal and labeling of arousal based on cues from environment must occur before emotion os experienced

70
Q

facial feedback hypothesis

A

assumes facial expressions provide feedback to the brain concerning the emotion being expressed which in thrn causes and intensifies emotion

71
Q

cognitive meditational theory

A

stimulus must be interpreted (appraised) by a person in order to result in a physical response and an emotional reaction

72
Q

positive psychology movement

A

viewpoint that recommends shifting the focus of psychology away from the negative aspects to a more positive focus on strengths well being and pursuit of happiness.

73
Q

instinct approach

A

approach to motivation that assumes people are governed by instincts to those of animals

74
Q

need

A

requirement of some material that is essential for survival of the organism

75
Q

drive

A

psychological tension and physical arousal arising when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fufill the need and reduce the tension

76
Q

drive-reduction theory

A

assumes behavior arises from physiological needs that cause jnternal drives to push the organism to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal

77
Q

primary druves

A

those drives that involve needs of the body such as hunger and thirst

78
Q

accquired secondary drives

A

learned through experience or conditioning such as need for koney or social approval

79
Q

homeostasis

A

tendency of body to maintain steady state

80
Q

need for achievement

A

strong desire to succeed attaining goals not only realistic ones but also challenging ones

81
Q

need for affilitation

A

need for friendly social interactions and relationships with others

82
Q

need for power

A

need to have control or influence over others

83
Q

stimulus motive

A

appears to be unlearned causes an increase in stimulation such as curiosity

84
Q

arousal theory

A

theory of motivation in which people are said to have an optimal level on tension that they seek to maintain by increasing or decreasing stimulation

85
Q

yerkes dodson law

A

performance is related to arousal, moderate levels of arousal lead to better performance that do levels of arousal that are too low or too high. effect varies of level of task. easy tasks require high moderate level whereas difficult tasks require low moderate level

86
Q

sensation seeker

A

someone who needs more arousal than average person

87
Q

incentives

A

things that attract or lure people into action

88
Q

incentive approaches

A

theories of motivation in which behavior is explained as a response to the external stimulus and its rewarding properties

89
Q

expectancy-value theories

A

assume actions of humans cannot be predicted or fully understood w out understanding beliefs , values and importance that a person attaches to those beliefs and values at any given moment in time

90
Q

self actualization

A

according to maslow the point thay is seldom reached at which people have sufficiently satisfied the lower needs and achieved their full human potential

91
Q

peak expiriences

A

maslow said times in a persons life during which self-actualization is temporarily achieved

92
Q

self determination theory

A

theory of human motivation in which social context of an action has an effect on type of motivation existing for the action

93
Q

insulin

A

hormone secreted by the pancreas to control levels of fat proteins and carbohydrates in body by reducing level of glucose in the bloodstream

94
Q

glucagons

A

hormones secreted by pancreas to control levels of fats proteins and carbohydrates in the body by increasing level of glucose in bloodstream

95
Q

weigh set point

A

particular level of weight that body tries to maintain

96
Q

basal metabolic rate

A

rate at which body burns energy when organism is resting

97
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

condition in which a person reduces eating to the point that a weight loss of 15 % below the ideal body weight or more occurs

98
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

person develops a cycle of binging or overeating enormous amounts of food at one sitting and then using unhealthy methods to avoid weight gain

99
Q

emotion

A

feeling aspect of consciousness a characterized by a certain physical arousal a certain behavior that reveals the emotion to the outside world and an inner awreness of feelings

100
Q

display rules

A

learning ways of controlling displays of emotion in social settings

101
Q

james lange theory of emotion

A

physiological reaction leads to the labeling if an emotion

102
Q

cannon-bard theory of emotion

A

physiological reaction and the emotion are assumed to occur at the same time

103
Q

cognitive arousal theory

A

both physical arousal and labeling of arousal based on cues from environment must occur before emotion os experienced

104
Q

facial feedback hypothesis

A

assumes facial expressions provide feedback to the brain concerning the emotion being expressed which in thrn causes and intensifies emotion

105
Q

cognitive meditational theory

A

stimulus must be interpreted (appraised) by a person in order to result in a physical response and an emotional reaction

106
Q

positive psychology movement

A

viewpoint that recommends shifting the focus of psychology away from the negative aspects to a more positive focus on strengths well being and pursuit of happiness.

Ap psych (2 decks)

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