Chapter 8 - Key Terms

Question 1

New Right Criminology

       Is defined as?

Answer 1

The fundamentals of this perspective are based on two themes: placing responsibility for crime squarely on the individual and reasserting the importance of punishment in responding to crime.

Question 2

Conservatism

  Is defined as?

Answer 2

A set of ideas that values social stability and the maintenance of traditional community bonds and social hierarchies. There exists the assumption that institutions and values that have lasted a long time represent the collective experience of the community and have persisted because they have fulfilled a valuable and positive role in society.

Question 3

Social Control Theory

 Is defined as?

Answer 3

This theory seeks to explain why all individuals do not engage in criminal behaviours. The answer can be found in different dimensions of social control - mainly the ways in which people are controlled by family, school, work, and conscience.

Question 4

Liberalism

 Is defined as?

Answer 4

Refers to an ideology that upholds private property, individual rights, legal equality, freedom of choice, and democratic government. Supports the role of the state in creating improved equality of opportunity for all in society.

Question 5

Alienation

 Is defined as?

Answer 5

A separation of individuals from control and direction in their social life.

Question 6

Law and Order

     Is defined as?

Answer 6

Strict enforcement of laws, especially for controlling crime.

Question 7

Punitive

  Is defined as?

Answer 7

To inflict punishment.

Question 8

Retribution

   Is defined as?

Answer 8

Punishment deserved because of an offence that fits the severity of the crime.