Chapter 8: Genetics Flashcards
True Breeding
When an organism’s characteristic’s are always passed to its offspring.
Principals Of Genetics: 1
The traits of an organism are determined by packets of information called “factors.”
Principals Of Genetics: 2
Each organism has not one, but two factors that determine its traits.
Principals Of Genetics: 3
In sexual reproduction, each parent contributes ONLY ONE of its factors to the offspring.
Principals Of Genetics: 4
In each definable trait, there is a dominant factor. If it exists in an organism, the trait determined by that dominant factor will be expressed.
On Your Own : 8.1
A. No. B. Yes. C. Yes.
On Your Own : 8.2
YY, Yy
On Your Own : 8.3
yy
Allele
One of a pair of genes that occupies the same position on homologous chromosomes
Genotype
Two-letter set that represents the alleles an organism possesses for a certain trait
Phenotype
The observable expression of an organism’s genes
Homozygous Genotype
A genotype in which both alleles are identical
Heterozygous Genotype
A genotype with two different alleles
Dominant Allele
An allele that will determine phenotype if just one is present in the genotype
Recessive Allele
An allele that will not determine the phenotype unless the genotype is homozygous in that allele.
