Chapter 8 - Fundamentals of Debt Securities Flashcards
Bondholders are also referred to as _______.
Bondholders are also referred to as creditors
$_____ is the par value for bonds.
$1,000 is the par value for bonds
Calculate the price of a corporate bond quoted at 98 ¾
Convert fraction into a decimal: 3 ÷ 4 = .75 and then multiply $1,000 by 98.75% = $987.50
A bond trading at a price below par is a _______ bond.
A bond trading at a prcie below par is a discount bond
A bond trading at a price of $1,000 is a _____ bond
A bond trading at a price of $1,000 is a par bond
A bond trading at a price above par is a _____ bond.
A bond trading at a price above par is a premium bond.
What are two synonymous terms for a bond’s interest rate?
- Coupon Rate
- Nominal Yield
A bond with an 8% coupon would pay how much interest per year?
$80.00. Par x Rate ($1,000 x 8%)
Bond interest is stated ________ and paid __________.
Bond interest is stated annually and paid semi-annually.
What does yield-to-maturity (YTM) take into account that current yield does not?
Discount/premium made or lost at maturity, reinvestment of interest at YTM, and time value of money
When discussing a bond, the YTM may also be referred to as _______.
When discussing a bond, the YTM may also be referred to as basis.
Credit risk measures the issuer’s risk of __________.
Credit risk measures the issuer’s risk of default on debt service.
_______ pay for bonds to be rated.
Issuers pay for bonds to be rated.
What is the highest credit rating?
AAA for S&P and Fitch, and Aaa for Moody’s
Bonds rated _________ and higher are considered investment grade.
Bonds rated BBB (for S&P and Fitch) or Baa (for Moody’s) and higher are considered investment grade.
How does S&P and Moody’s further differentiate their ratings?
S&P uses + or - , while Moody’s uses 1, 2, 3.
Bonds rated BB (Ba) or lower are considered ____________ bonds.
Bonds rated BB (Ba) or lower are considered speculative or junk bonds.
True or False: When interest rates go up, bonds prices go up, and when interest rates go down, bond prices go down.
False.
There is an inverse relationship between interest rates and prices.
Given a yield change, _______ bonds move more in price.
Given a yield change, long-term bonds move more in price
(lower coupon or longer duration are also correct.)
Define real interest rate (real rate of return).
Interest rate minus the inflation rate
(e.g., Bond yielding 8% when inflation is 3% has a real interest rate of 5%).
Which interest rates are generally more volatile?
Short-term rates
A type of maturity where all bonds mature on one specific date is called a _______ bond.
A type of maturity where all bonds mature on one specific date is called a term bond.
What is the maturity type where a portion of principal is retired each year?
Serial bond
What does one basis point represent as a percentage?
0.01%