Chapter 8 - Forces Flashcards
What is distance?
Distance is a scalar measurement which contains how far your travel
What is displacement?
Displacement measures distance from starting point and direction
What is Newton’s first law?
Newton’s First Law states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. It may be seen as a statement about inertia, that objects will remain in their state of motion unless a force acts to change the motion.
The force you apply to a spanner has a what effect on the nut?
Turning
What does a vector measurement contain?
Magnitude information, eg speed, distance
What is a vector measurement?
A vector value contains magnitude and direction, for example velocity or displacement.
What is the centre of mass?
the centre of mass of an object is:
- the point at which it’s mass can be thought of as being concentrated.
- the point through which a single force on the body has no turning effect.
- the point about where it’s mass is evenly distributed.
What is the principal of moment?
The moment of as force is a measure of the turning effect of the force on an object.
Principal of moments equation:
The sum of all the clockwise moments about any point = the sum of all the anti-clockwise moments at that point
What is the moment equation?
moment = force x distance
What is a force scale diagram?
a diagram which contains vector values.
the direction indicates directional information
the length indicates the magnitude
The longer the lever handle the larger the _____ force
Turning
How can you increase the moment of a force?
Increasing the size of the force
Using a spanner with a longer handle
What is the weight of an object called?
The load
What is the force a person applies to the object called?
Effort
What is a balanced force?
A balanced force is a force which is even on each side of a given object
What is the point about which the crowbar turns called?
Pivot
What is the line that a force acts along called?
Line of action
If an object’s force is balanced and it is traveling at a certain velocity, how will it be affected as time goes by?
The object will continue to travel in the original velocity
What is the moment of a force equation?
Moment, M = force, F * perpendicular distance
from the line of action
of the force to the pivot, d
What is an unbalanced force?
An unbalanced force is when an object’s resultant force is not equal to 0
Gears are like levers because they can __________ the effect of a turning force
Multiply
Why use a parallelogram?
The parallelogram of forces is used to find the resultant of two forces that do not acts along the same line.
What is a resultant force?
The resultant force is the sum of multiple forces on an object
What direction is the weight of an object coming from?
It is a force acting down
What is Newton’s third law?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The statement means that in every interaction, there is a pair of forces acting on the two interacting objects. The size of the forces on the first object equals the size of the force on the second object.
The gear wheels exert ________ and ____________ forces on each other
Equal and opposite
What is the direction of the force of wheels on a road
A backwards direction the the car’s velocity
Gears are used to change the _________ of a _________ _______
Moment of a turning effect
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