Chapter 8 Emergency Procedures Flashcards
What is PIO?
POI = Pilot Induced Oscillations
Pilot does not account for the delay in control response leading to overcontrolling and hunting to find desired response.
What is porpoising?
PIO on landing leading to touchdown - takeoff- touchdown -takeoff ….
How to counter POI?
Enter control input and then relax when response starts. Go to neutral before attaining desired response.
Takeoff POIs. What response level is required at slow speeds?
Larger input. Tapering off as speed increases.
What is the effect of the tow rope length?
Short ropes require quick and frequent control input. Use 200’ length.
What effect does crosswind have on take-offs?
Wind on rudder will push front of glider into the wind. Weather vaning. Upwind wing lifts.
When should lift off occur?
When glider reaches flying speed. This will be lower than stall speed due to ground effect. Hold glider in ground effect until tow starts climbing then follow climb.
What typically happens during lift off?
Quick lift-off due to ground effects followed by descent when ground effect diminishes.
How should wings be maintained on take 0ff?
Keep them level. Don’t try to control direction with them while on or close to the ground.
What happens when the wing tips touch the ground.
A gound loop will occur where the glider will rotate in the direction of the wing that hits the ground.
Why is there a delay in yaw at low speeds on takeoff?
The inertia of the wings wants to keep them going in that direction. Relax rudder once glider starts moving in the desired direction
How does towline tension affect pitch?
More tension will cause pitch to increase. Dependent on the location of the hook relative to the longitudinal axis. More prevalent on Cg hooks.
What effect can pneumatic tires have take off and landing?
Susceptible to bounce when hitting bumpy terrain.
What are the 3 scenarios of tow failure?
- Sufficient runway to land and stop
- Landing straight ahead
- Above 200’ AGL return to field
If there is sufficient runway to land and stop, what should the glider do?
Land and roll out to the right of the tow plane.
If there is insufficient runway to land and stop, what should the glider do?
Land straight ahead if below 200’. Use airbrakes to reduce landing speed.
What should be done if the rope breaks above 200’ AGL?
- Release rope
- Turn back to airport (into the wind) with 45 turn.
- Avoid tow plane
- Maintain approach speed and coordinated turn.
What should be done on rope failure above 800/ AGL?
Cross runway at center if necessary and fly landing circuit
Traits of a spin? Track, Stalled? Airspeed, loss of altitude, G force, Controls effectiveness
Track, - Narrow descending
Stalled? - yes both wings
Airspeed, - slowly increasing
loss of altitude, - large
G force, - not high
Controls effectiveness - little
Traits of a spiral dive? Track, Stalled? Airspeed, loss of altitude, G force, Controls effectiveness
Track, - Broad circling
Stalled? - maybe
Airspeed, - increasing
loss of altitude, - medium
G force, - high
Controls effectiveness - heavy
Why is a slack line dangerous?
Entanglement with glider wing
Causes of slack line
Too far out alignment with tow
Tow plane descending quickly
Power reduction by tow
Glider too far inside radius on turn
How to correct slack line
Slip
Slow application of airbrake
Avoid sudden take-up
What causes a spiral dive?
Low pitch in a steep bank.